中国首部PD-1/PD-L1单抗使用后导致的肺炎诊疗共识重磅发布!:2019 CTS

2019-09-08 小M MedSci原创

中国首部PD-1/PD-L1单抗使用后导致的肺炎诊疗共识发布肺癌免疫治疗是继手术、放化疗后新兴的肿瘤治疗手段。免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)被认为是迄今为止最成功的肿瘤免疫疗法,在非小细胞肺癌治疗中表现出良好疗效。但有些患者使用ICIs后会出现免疫检查点抑制剂相关肺炎(CIP),临床发生率低,但易造成免疫治疗延迟或终止,严重可导致死亡。由于免疫抑制剂的兴起,为了更好地帮助临床医生能更好地应对CI

肺癌免疫治疗是继手术、放化疗后新兴的肿瘤治疗手段。免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)被认为是迄今为止最成功的肿瘤免疫疗法,在非小细胞肺癌治疗中表现出良好疗效。但有些患者使用ICIs后会出现免疫检查点抑制剂相关肺炎(CIP),临床发生率低,但易造成免疫治疗延迟或终止,严重可导致死亡。由于免疫抑制剂的兴起,为了更好地帮助临床医生能更好地应对CIP,第一部《免疫检查点抑制剂相关肺炎诊治专家共识》在9月7号中华医学会呼吸病学年会上发布。



中国人民解放军总院全军呼吸病研究所的许阳教授为大家带来了共识的重点内容摘要。下面一起来看看这本新共识的内容重点吧!

免疫检查点抑制剂相关肺炎(CIP)是一种免疫治疗引起的临床、影像表现各异的肺部毒副反应;在使用ICIs后患者出现咳嗽、呼吸困难,胸闷乏力,动脉气血下降等呼吸道症状,所以,接受免疫检查点抑制剂治疗后出现新发呼吸道症状的患者必须高度怀疑肺炎。但CIP缺乏临床特异性,且有时延迟发生,故需要临床医生能全面认识、管理和监测CIP,更安全地使用ICIs。


一位60岁转移性SCLC患者治疗前后CT变化(CT显示治疗后双肺出现弥漫间质性病变)

常见的免疫抑制剂

常见的免疫抑制剂主要包括PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂和CTLA-4抑制剂。




目前在中国获批上市的免疫检查点抑制剂包括纳武单抗、帕博利珠单抗、特瑞普利单抗、替雷利珠单抗、信迪利单抗、卡瑞利珠单抗。免疫检查点抑制剂带来持续获益的同时也可引起免疫相关不良反应(irAEs),常对皮肤、呼吸系统、肝脏、肠道、内分泌系统等有毒副反应。



第一部《免疫检查点抑制剂相关肺炎诊治专家共识》包括CIP的概述、流行病学特征、临床表现、影像和实验室检查、诊断和鉴别诊断、严重程度评估、分级治疗及预后随访等几个方面。

CIP的流行病学特征



肿瘤患者CIP的发生率随检查点抑制剂的不同而不同,CTLA-4抑制剂不良反应中肠炎、垂体炎、皮疹更常见;而PD-1抑制剂不良反应中肺炎、甲减、关节痛和白癜风更常见。



CIP的发生时间,从第一剂ICIs使用后数小时-24个月,中位发病时间为2-3个月。重度的CIP一般发生于免疫治疗开始的前6个月。且免疫治疗所引起的免疫相关不良事件可能存在延迟发作,延迟效应可能发生在抗PD-1治疗后的1年内,且持续时间较长。


CIP的危险因素包括高龄、亚洲人群、有基础肺部疾病史、吸烟史、胸部放疗史、联合治疗及多线治疗等,危险因素的识别能够帮助临床医生筛选高危患者。

CIP的临床及影像学特征



CIP的症状和体征属于非特异性的,其中呼吸困难最多(占53%),其他还包括咳嗽、发热、胸痛、无症状等,听诊可闻及双肺底吸气末期爆裂音(Velcro啰音)。
在影像学表现上可表现为磨玻璃影、斑片实变影、小叶间隔增厚、网络影、牵拉性支气管扩张、纤维条索影。

CIP的实验室检查

CIP治疗前后都要完善相关检测,帮助评估病情。



CIP的诊断标准

同时符合以下三条可诊断CIP:
1.免疫用药史(患者接受过ICIs治疗);
2.影像学表现:新出现的肺部阴影(如磨玻璃影、斑片实变影、小叶间隔增厚、网络影等);
3.鉴别诊断:除肺部感染、肺部肿瘤进展、其他原因引起的肺间质性疾病、肺血管炎、肺栓塞、肺水肿等。
临床中还需进一步除外CIP合并感染、肿瘤进展等复杂情况。

CIP的鉴别诊断



CIP的预后及随访

NSCLC的回顾性研究中发现,免疫相关不良反应(irAEs)导致停药后再次使用PD-(L)1抑制剂,会导致半数患者再次出现相同或新irAE,大部分患者再次出现相同或新的irAE能够恢复,再次使用ICIs,应答有限。所以,针对出现CIP的患者的管理建议为:
1.发生过重度CIP的患者可以考虑停用ICIs;
2.发生中度CIP的患者,应个体化分析权衡利弊,再决定是否继续进行免疫治疗;
3.曾出现CIP的患者再次接受ICIs治疗时应严密监测,再次发生严重CIP,永久停药。

CIP严重程度分级


当临床症状与影像学分级不一致时,以两者中较高级别为严重等级。

CIP的处理

轻度CIP(1级):无症状,仅影像学表现,病灶局限于单个肺叶内或小于25%受累
1.应酌情暂停免疫检查点抑制剂。
2.对症支持治疗。
3.密切观察病情变化监测症状体征,监测血氧饱和度,检测血常规生化动脉血气、感染等指标。
4.如不能排除合并感染,建议加用抗感染治疗。
5.患者症状缓解且肺部影像学检查证实病情痊愈,可考虑重新使用免疫检查点抑制剂治疗。
6.如病情进展,按照更高级别处理。

中度CIP(2级):轻/中度症状,影响使用工具性日常活动,病变累及多于1个肺叶或25-50%的肺受累
1.暂停免疫检查点抑制剂。
2.住院治疗,积极氧疗,对症治疗。
3.激素治疗:糖皮质激素
如甲泼尼龙1-2mg/kg/天或等效药物。激素治疗直至症状及影像改善,逐渐减量,疗程大于6周。
4.如不能排除合并感染,建议加用抗感染治疗。
5.密切观察病情变化,监测血氧饱和度,检测血常规生化、感染等指标。
6如病情进展,按照更高级别处理。

重度CIP(3级):严重的新发症状,个人自理能力受限,病变累及大于50%肺
重度CIP(4级):症状危及生命,呼吸衰竭需要插管等紧急干预措施,病变累及全肺
1.可考虑永久性停用免疫检查点抑制剂。
2.住院治疗,如病情需要可入住CU。积极氧疗,保证氧合。必要时使用呼吸机辅助通气或体外膜肺氧合治疗。对症支持治疗,生命支持治疗。
3.激素治疗:中大剂量糖皮质激素(静脉),如甲泼尼龙2-4mgkg天激素治疗直至症状及影像改善,激素逐渐减量,治疗疗程大于8周。
4.大剂量激素治疗期间可预防性使用质子泵抑制剂及补充钙剂
5.如果不能排除合并感染,建议加用抗感染治疗。
6.密切观察病情变化。每天监测症状和体征,监测血氧饱和度、血压及血糖:进行血常规、血生化、感染指标、凝血指标、动脉血气检查:48~72h后行床旁胸片或如病情允许可行肺部CT检查。
7.如果病情进展可考虑加用免疫球蛋白和或免疫抑制剂治疗。

总结

·免疫检查点抑制剂相关肺炎是免疫治疗中相对严重的不良反应。
·CIP的发生率随瘤种、药物及治疗方案的不同有所差异。
·目前CIP的危险因素尚不明确,治疗前需对患者详细评估并告知风险。
·CIP的临床表现及影像学特征缺乏特异性,作为排除性诊断需要临床医生结合病史、临床表现、影像学及其他检查综合做出诊断。
·对CIP的早期诊断、程度评估、分级治疗至关重要。
·大多数CIP可以通过暂停给药±糖皮质激素得以缓解或治愈。
·CIP可能出现较晚,甚至在停药后岀现,对CIP的预防、识别、监测和随访应贯穿全程。

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (6)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2113019, encodeId=d5192113019aa, content=👍, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b42d2560238, createdName=史慧敏, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 16:58:34 CST 2023, time=2023-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=浙江省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1255020, encodeId=8b4a125502069, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be71139214f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13921, encryptionId=be71139214f, topicName=PD-L1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e76f39, createdName=smartjoy, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1461969, encodeId=74431461969e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=10bf5438bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CTS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5438, encryptionId=10bf5438bc, topicName=CTS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=docwu2019, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1538966, encodeId=bc6515389662d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=349913924d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1单抗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13924, encryptionId=349913924d1, topicName=PD-L1单抗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=195c13086613, createdName=ylz8407, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549508, encodeId=5a661549508db, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=372452, encodeId=86923e24522b, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/12/20/dafb36f63f4241903de36c3d053babb8.jpg, createdBy=d367105945, createdName=Midas, createdTime=Sun Sep 08 14:48:08 CST 2019, time=2019-09-08, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2023-02-04 史慧敏 来自浙江省

    👍

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2113019, encodeId=d5192113019aa, content=👍, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b42d2560238, createdName=史慧敏, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 16:58:34 CST 2023, time=2023-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=浙江省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1255020, encodeId=8b4a125502069, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be71139214f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13921, encryptionId=be71139214f, topicName=PD-L1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e76f39, createdName=smartjoy, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1461969, encodeId=74431461969e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=10bf5438bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CTS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5438, encryptionId=10bf5438bc, topicName=CTS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=docwu2019, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1538966, encodeId=bc6515389662d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=349913924d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1单抗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13924, encryptionId=349913924d1, topicName=PD-L1单抗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=195c13086613, createdName=ylz8407, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549508, encodeId=5a661549508db, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=372452, encodeId=86923e24522b, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/12/20/dafb36f63f4241903de36c3d053babb8.jpg, createdBy=d367105945, createdName=Midas, createdTime=Sun Sep 08 14:48:08 CST 2019, time=2019-09-08, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-09-10 smartjoy
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2113019, encodeId=d5192113019aa, content=👍, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b42d2560238, createdName=史慧敏, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 16:58:34 CST 2023, time=2023-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=浙江省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1255020, encodeId=8b4a125502069, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be71139214f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13921, encryptionId=be71139214f, topicName=PD-L1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e76f39, createdName=smartjoy, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1461969, encodeId=74431461969e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=10bf5438bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CTS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5438, encryptionId=10bf5438bc, topicName=CTS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=docwu2019, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1538966, encodeId=bc6515389662d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=349913924d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1单抗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13924, encryptionId=349913924d1, topicName=PD-L1单抗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=195c13086613, createdName=ylz8407, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549508, encodeId=5a661549508db, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=372452, encodeId=86923e24522b, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/12/20/dafb36f63f4241903de36c3d053babb8.jpg, createdBy=d367105945, createdName=Midas, createdTime=Sun Sep 08 14:48:08 CST 2019, time=2019-09-08, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-09-10 docwu2019
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2113019, encodeId=d5192113019aa, content=👍, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b42d2560238, createdName=史慧敏, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 16:58:34 CST 2023, time=2023-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=浙江省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1255020, encodeId=8b4a125502069, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be71139214f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13921, encryptionId=be71139214f, topicName=PD-L1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e76f39, createdName=smartjoy, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1461969, encodeId=74431461969e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=10bf5438bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CTS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5438, encryptionId=10bf5438bc, topicName=CTS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=docwu2019, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1538966, encodeId=bc6515389662d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=349913924d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1单抗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13924, encryptionId=349913924d1, topicName=PD-L1单抗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=195c13086613, createdName=ylz8407, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549508, encodeId=5a661549508db, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=372452, encodeId=86923e24522b, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/12/20/dafb36f63f4241903de36c3d053babb8.jpg, createdBy=d367105945, createdName=Midas, createdTime=Sun Sep 08 14:48:08 CST 2019, time=2019-09-08, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2113019, encodeId=d5192113019aa, content=👍, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b42d2560238, createdName=史慧敏, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 16:58:34 CST 2023, time=2023-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=浙江省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1255020, encodeId=8b4a125502069, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be71139214f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13921, encryptionId=be71139214f, topicName=PD-L1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e76f39, createdName=smartjoy, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1461969, encodeId=74431461969e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=10bf5438bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CTS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5438, encryptionId=10bf5438bc, topicName=CTS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=docwu2019, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1538966, encodeId=bc6515389662d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=349913924d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1单抗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13924, encryptionId=349913924d1, topicName=PD-L1单抗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=195c13086613, createdName=ylz8407, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549508, encodeId=5a661549508db, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=372452, encodeId=86923e24522b, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/12/20/dafb36f63f4241903de36c3d053babb8.jpg, createdBy=d367105945, createdName=Midas, createdTime=Sun Sep 08 14:48:08 CST 2019, time=2019-09-08, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-09-10 xxxx1054
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2113019, encodeId=d5192113019aa, content=👍, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b42d2560238, createdName=史慧敏, createdTime=Sat Feb 04 16:58:34 CST 2023, time=2023-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=浙江省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1255020, encodeId=8b4a125502069, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be71139214f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13921, encryptionId=be71139214f, topicName=PD-L1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e76f39, createdName=smartjoy, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1461969, encodeId=74431461969e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=10bf5438bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CTS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5438, encryptionId=10bf5438bc, topicName=CTS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=docwu2019, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1538966, encodeId=bc6515389662d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=349913924d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PD-L1单抗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13924, encryptionId=349913924d1, topicName=PD-L1单抗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=195c13086613, createdName=ylz8407, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549508, encodeId=5a661549508db, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Tue Sep 10 03:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=372452, encodeId=86923e24522b, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/12/20/dafb36f63f4241903de36c3d053babb8.jpg, createdBy=d367105945, createdName=Midas, createdTime=Sun Sep 08 14:48:08 CST 2019, time=2019-09-08, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-09-08 Midas

    学习了

    0

相关资讯

它是肺癌的“爸爸”!你能认出来吗?|CTS2018

发现肺结节 是肺癌吗? 要手术吗? 答案是:看情况

呼吸病学遇到睡眠医学2018-2019:CTS 2019

由中华医学会和中华医学会呼吸病学分会主办、湖北省医学会承办的中华医学会呼吸病学年会-2019(第二十次全国呼吸病学学术会议)于2019年9月5日-8日在武汉盛大召开。上海交通大学医学院呼吸病研究所李庆云教授做了呼吸病学遇到睡眠医学2018-2019的主题报告,在此小编整理与大家分享。全面认识睡眠呼吸障碍疾病谱呼吸系统疾病与睡眠呼吸暂停慢性气道疾病难治性哮喘频发的危险因素,OA患者合并日间嗜睡(ES

电子烟戒烟?一场华丽的骗局:CTS 2019

电子烟戒烟?一场华丽的骗局|CTS 2019吸烟是一个有关公众健康的老话题,电子烟最初的目的是用来帮助烟民戒烟的,但是电子烟上市这几年来,问题不断!9月7号中华医学会呼吸病学年会上,华西医院毛辉主任给大家汇总了一下电子烟的骗局,下面小编为您整理送上。上个世纪,科学家们通过研究发现,尼古丁是人们吸烟的根本原因,烟草燃烧过程中产生的CO、焦油等是吸烟造成人体伤害的主要物质。于是,从20世界90年代开始

王辰院士:目前精准医学就2个方向,其他都是花把式:CTS 2019大咖解读

中国工程院副院长、中国医学科学院-北京协和医学院校长王辰院士对于精准医学观念及其在呼吸病学中的应用做了详细解读,在此小编整理与大家分享!

钟南山院士:大数据视角下的呼吸疾病防控:CTS 2019

由中华医学会和中华医学会呼吸病学分会主办、湖北省医学会承办的中华医学会呼吸病学年会-2019(第二十次全国呼吸病学学术会议)于2019年9月5日-8日在武汉盛大召开。在6号的主会场报告上,钟南山院士给大家做了一场呼吸疾病防控工作指导,呼吸疾病防控是中国健康发展战略的重大需求由于空气污染、吸烟等众多因素,我国的肺癌及慢阻肺分别占死亡率的第3、4位,WHO估计呼吸疾病死亡率占总死亡率的20%。所以,在

为何一胖就容易喘?于化鹏教授讲述肥胖与支气管哮喘的发病机制与治疗:CTS 2019

研究显示,肥胖使哮喘风险增加2.5倍。在9月7号中华医学会呼吸病学年会上,南方医科大学珠江医院呼吸与危重症医学科于化鹏教授主任做了专题报道,详细讲述了肥胖与支气管哮喘的发病机制与治疗,在此小编整理与大家分享。肥胖是哮喘主要危险因素,由于体内脂肪过多,容易导致代谢综合征,使得肥胖受试者患哮喘的风险增加。近年来肥胖性哮喘发病率急剧增加,并且肥胖会增加哮喘患者疾病严重程度,损害疗效,使得哮喘难以控制。肥