黑猩猩是含阿尔兹海默病标记物的动物

2017-08-02 MedSci MedSci原创

研究人员在8月1日的《 Neurobiology of Aging》杂志上说,老年黑猩猩可以出现与早期阿尔茨海默氏症人类相似的脑部特征,但并非完全相同。从人类近亲得来的这一发现可以帮助研究人员理解人类痴呆的原因。这一发现来自于饲养员对老年黑猩猩行为变化的密切关注。虽然大多数动物在老年期认知能力会下降,但似乎只有人类才患阿尔兹海默病,该病将导致严重的痴呆。阿尔兹海默病患者脑部标记物有:由β淀粉样蛋白


研究人员在8月1日的《 Neurobiology of Aging》杂志上说,老年黑猩猩可以出现与早期阿尔茨海默氏症人类相似的脑部特征,但并非完全相同。从人类近亲得来的这一发现可以帮助研究人员理解人类痴呆的原因。这一发现来自于饲养员对老年黑猩猩行为变化的密切关注。

虽然大多数动物在老年期认知能力会下降,但似乎只有人类才患阿尔兹海默病,该病将导致严重的痴呆。阿尔兹海默病患者脑部标记物有:由β淀粉样蛋白组成的斑块,缠结的tau蛋白纤维及神经元缺失。人类大脑是唯一同时含有斑块和蛋白缠结的灵长类动物--尽管一项研究确实在黑猩猩脑部发现了这两种标记物。

研究人员对20只37-62岁的黑猩猩的大脑进行了分析。测试了人类阿尔兹海默病的受损区--如记忆形成的海马区。结果发现其中4只的大脑中含有斑块和tau蛋白纤维。所有的样本中均含tau蛋白纤维前体,而且在血管中发现了β淀粉样蛋白。β淀粉样蛋白通常存在于人脑血管外,这表明斑块在黑猩猩中的形成方式不同。

虽然在黑猩猩中未观察到严重的痴呆,但是斑块和蛋白纤维的存在表明它们可能也会形成痴呆的。基于此,黑猩猩饲养员应主动监测老年动物的认知健康。但还有一种可能是在黑猩猩脑内存在一种因子阻止其形成痴呆。或者说β淀粉样蛋白和tau蛋白在黑猩猩脑部的折叠方式不同。

还有一个不同点在于APOE蛋白,该蛋白调控β淀粉样蛋白的积聚。研究人员发现了几种不同的APOE基因,其中APOE4更容易使人形成阿尔兹海默病。

Raghanti说,研究人员目前在计算黑猩猩大脑中的神经元数量,以确定这些细胞是否随着年龄的增长而消失,并研究大脑中的炎症。神经元的缺失和炎症似乎均与人类阿尔兹海默病有关。如果能够鉴定出黑猩猩与人类的异同点,有助于揭开人类易患阿尔兹海默病的神秘面纱。

原文出处
http://www.nature.com/news/chimpanzees-are-first-animal-shown-to-develop-telltale-markers-of-alzheimer-s-disease-1.22370

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    2017-12-11 wjywjy
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    2018-05-22 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

    学习了.谢谢作者分享!

    0

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    2017-08-03 cherry bomb

    学习了谢谢分享

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    2017-08-03 184****9840

    学习了谢谢分享

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    2017-08-02 有备才能无患

    如果能够鉴定出黑猩猩与人类的异同点,有助于揭开人类易患阿尔兹海默病的神秘面纱。

    0

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