Cell:肠道菌群代谢物恢复胰岛功能

2020-03-12 顾露露 生物探索

微生物影响我们健康的一个基本途径是通过代谢产物的产生。肠道中的细菌数量众多,会产生大量代谢产物,这些代谢产物可以影响从免疫系统到心理健康在内的所有事物。

微生物影响我们健康的一个基本途径是通过代谢产物的产生。肠道中的细菌数量众多,会产生大量代谢产物,这些代谢产物可以影响从免疫系统到心理健康在内的所有事物。

为此,加拿大麦吉尔大学、日本京都大学和法国INSERM /巴黎大学的研究人员进行了一项合作研究,旨在发现哪些肠道细菌代谢产物可以帮助患有1型或2型糖尿病的人。结果一种名为“4-Cresol”的代谢物脱颖而出。相关研究结果发表在《Cell Reports》杂志上。


具体来说,研究小组使用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对148名成年人的血液样本进行半定量的靶向代谢组学分析,希望鉴别出不同疾病对应的分子标志物。其中,4-Cresol,这种肠道菌群的代谢产物含量与糖尿病的发生成负相关。即,血糖越高者体内4-Cresol含量越低。

随后的动物实验显示,无毒、低剂量(0.5mg/kg/天)的4-Cresol可增加胰腺β细胞(分泌胰岛素的细胞)的增殖,并改善血糖控制,同时减少肥胖迹象。

4-Cresol是酪氨酸和苯丙氨酸的结肠微生物发酵的产物。它也存在许多食品和饮料中,包括番茄、芦笋、乳制品、咖啡和茶。

“尽管目前缺乏刺激胰腺β细胞增殖和改善β细胞功能以恢复胰岛素分泌的疗法,但这些结果尤其令人鼓舞,”该新研究的资深作者Dominique Gauguier说道。此外,他们证实了肠道细菌产生的代谢产物的有益作用,并为糖尿病、肥胖症和肝脂肪变性开辟了新的治疗途径。

接下来,Gauguier和他的研究团队计划将糖尿病研究中证明的方法“复制”应用于其他疾病,旨在研究哪些代谢物可以直接与特定疾病相关联,从而可以通过直接使用这些分子或以靶向方式调节微生物组以产生这些有用的代谢物来进行治疗。

Gauguier说:“我们的目标是开发一种治疗方法,通过促进‘好’菌的增殖,从而产生治疗剂量的细菌代谢物,从而对肠道菌群进行精细调节。”

原始出处:
Francois Brial,et al. The Natural Metabolite 4-Cresol Improves Glucose Homeostasis and Enhances β-Cell Function. Cell Reports. VOLUME 30, ISSUE 7, P2306-2320.E5,

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    2021-01-23 baoya
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    2020-04-29 维他命
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