PLoS Pathog:加拿大专家解密女性艾滋病感染者居高不下的原因,根源原来在这里

2018-01-19 Heather_z727译自 medicalxpress 来宝网

第一项同类研究发现,人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)在早期感染期间阴道内的遗传多样性高于血流中的遗传多样性。这一发现发表在《PLOS病原体》杂志上,证实了阴道和血液之间存在着遗传瓶颈。

第一项同类研究发现,人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)在早期感染期间阴道内的遗传多样性高于血流中的遗传多样性。这一发现发表在《PLOS病原体》杂志上,证实了阴道和血液之间存在着遗传瓶颈。

当HIV-1通过性交从男性传染给女性时,它必须渗透并感染阴道各层,然后才能到达血液。先前的研究表明,在病人体内,系统感染通常是由血液中的hiv-1单基因变异所确定的。然而,科学家们推测,阴道最初可能存在基因多样性的hiv-1,然后沿着流向血液的路径被过滤成单一的变异体。

为了更好地理解这一潜在的遗传瓶颈,加拿大西安大略大学的研究人员们进行了第一项研究,比较新感染者阴道和血液中HIV-1基因的多样性。他们在感染后7个月内收集样本,应用了下一代深度测序技术,对来自乌干达和津巴布韦的75名妇女的阴道和血浆中分离出的HIV-1病毒进行了测序。

这一分析显示,每个病人的阴道内通常都有各种各样的hiv-1基因变异(平均为5.7),而血液的遗传多样性则要低得多(平均1.7个变异)。无论病人的HIV-1亚型如何,是否使用激素避孕,或性行为的数量或伴侣差异,这一结果均不变。

研究中的所有样本都是在最初感染后至少一个月收集的,作者认为阴道内遗传多样性可能在感染后出现。然而,他们指出,血液中没有看到类似的多样化。这些发现提供了新的证据来支持这样的观点,即基因瓶颈会在早期感染期间从阴道和血液之间筛选出许多hiv-1的基因变异。这可以提高对传播过程的了解,从而为开发疫苗和其他疗法提供信息,以预防艾滋病毒-1感染。

作者解释说:“正如许多传染性病原体和疾病所观察到的那样,我们的粘膜层已经进化成产生保护性分子,容纳好的微生物,并将那些不好的微生物排除在我们的血液中。在新感染艾滋病毒的情况下,从女性生殖道获得样本总是很困难的,但这些研究对于了解艾滋病毒疫苗和其他预防战略的设计和效果至关重要。”

原始出处:Klein K, Nickel G, Nankya I, Kyeyune F, Demers K, Ndashimye E, et al. Higher sequence diversity in the vaginal tract than in blood at early HIV-1 infection. PLoS Pathog 14(1): e1006754. 

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    2018-03-21 2401

    艾滋病疫苗--

    0

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    2018-01-22 jyzxjiangqin

    女性艾滋病的治疔.

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1811076, encodeId=bd4018110e658, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bf6b8680136' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#艾滋病感染#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86801, encryptionId=bf6b8680136, topicName=艾滋病感染)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5319428, createdName=jjjiang0199, createdTime=Tue Jul 17 15:05:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=298408, encodeId=d0262984086a, content=艾滋病疫苗--, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eopsSZ2rTiaicEtRzAP72y0fNpyt8Q32mRxMKuSfoIibUTmWn9iakiawqyblUKlyrnwNGe9eicuRc2aWCLg/132, createdBy=5de92114919, createdName=2401, createdTime=Wed Mar 21 21:44:33 CST 2018, time=2018-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=280857, encodeId=960e28085e06, content=女性艾滋病的治疔., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Mon Jan 22 06:52:01 CST 2018, time=2018-01-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1312569, encodeId=c9ad13125696f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1aa333006b4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#加拿大#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33006, encryptionId=1aa333006b4, topicName=加拿大)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=279b407, createdName=shanyongle, createdTime=Sun Jan 21 13:05:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=280616, encodeId=250e2806161b, content=不错不错的.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/12/31/a88428e95e462b5a95499ced50b4325e.jpg, createdBy=60182225250, createdName=15121100f4m, createdTime=Sun Jan 21 09:29:30 CST 2018, time=2018-01-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=280384, encodeId=c3992803845d, content=很好的文章.学习受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4o2XVpJ6449yqDsjibydI5HnJ8MibGxNn4HZiaZib0bdfibbwoz3KQrIyN9AGxq36ZlZRNicYlPfOOWMtwgsajY6mGNFiaPclFdowjD0/0, createdBy=97bd1338592, createdName=清风拂面, createdTime=Sat Jan 20 15:20:10 CST 2018, time=2018-01-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=280378, encodeId=55022803e8da, content=了解了解.学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Jan 20 15:06:56 CST 2018, time=2018-01-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=280169, encodeId=0fbb28016986, content=^_^^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Fri Jan 19 22:09:49 CST 2018, time=2018-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1811076, encodeId=bd4018110e658, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bf6b8680136' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#艾滋病感染#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86801, encryptionId=bf6b8680136, topicName=艾滋病感染)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5319428, createdName=jjjiang0199, createdTime=Tue Jul 17 15:05:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=298408, encodeId=d0262984086a, content=艾滋病疫苗--, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eopsSZ2rTiaicEtRzAP72y0fNpyt8Q32mRxMKuSfoIibUTmWn9iakiawqyblUKlyrnwNGe9eicuRc2aWCLg/132, createdBy=5de92114919, createdName=2401, createdTime=Wed Mar 21 21:44:33 CST 2018, time=2018-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=280857, encodeId=960e28085e06, content=女性艾滋病的治疔., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Mon Jan 22 06:52:01 CST 2018, time=2018-01-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1312569, encodeId=c9ad13125696f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1aa333006b4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#加拿大#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33006, encryptionId=1aa333006b4, topicName=加拿大)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=279b407, createdName=shanyongle, createdTime=Sun Jan 21 13:05:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=280616, encodeId=250e2806161b, content=不错不错的.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/12/31/a88428e95e462b5a95499ced50b4325e.jpg, createdBy=60182225250, createdName=15121100f4m, createdTime=Sun Jan 21 09:29:30 CST 2018, time=2018-01-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=280384, encodeId=c3992803845d, content=很好的文章.学习受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4o2XVpJ6449yqDsjibydI5HnJ8MibGxNn4HZiaZib0bdfibbwoz3KQrIyN9AGxq36ZlZRNicYlPfOOWMtwgsajY6mGNFiaPclFdowjD0/0, createdBy=97bd1338592, createdName=清风拂面, createdTime=Sat Jan 20 15:20:10 CST 2018, time=2018-01-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=280378, encodeId=55022803e8da, content=了解了解.学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Jan 20 15:06:56 CST 2018, time=2018-01-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=280169, encodeId=0fbb28016986, content=^_^^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Fri Jan 19 22:09:49 CST 2018, time=2018-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-01-21 15121100f4m

    不错不错的.谢谢分享

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1811076, encodeId=bd4018110e658, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bf6b8680136' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#艾滋病感染#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86801, encryptionId=bf6b8680136, topicName=艾滋病感染)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5319428, createdName=jjjiang0199, createdTime=Tue Jul 17 15:05:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=298408, encodeId=d0262984086a, content=艾滋病疫苗--, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eopsSZ2rTiaicEtRzAP72y0fNpyt8Q32mRxMKuSfoIibUTmWn9iakiawqyblUKlyrnwNGe9eicuRc2aWCLg/132, createdBy=5de92114919, createdName=2401, createdTime=Wed Mar 21 21:44:33 CST 2018, time=2018-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=280857, encodeId=960e28085e06, content=女性艾滋病的治疔., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Mon Jan 22 06:52:01 CST 2018, time=2018-01-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1312569, encodeId=c9ad13125696f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1aa333006b4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#加拿大#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33006, encryptionId=1aa333006b4, topicName=加拿大)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=279b407, createdName=shanyongle, createdTime=Sun Jan 21 13:05:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=280616, encodeId=250e2806161b, content=不错不错的.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/12/31/a88428e95e462b5a95499ced50b4325e.jpg, createdBy=60182225250, createdName=15121100f4m, createdTime=Sun Jan 21 09:29:30 CST 2018, time=2018-01-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=280384, encodeId=c3992803845d, content=很好的文章.学习受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4o2XVpJ6449yqDsjibydI5HnJ8MibGxNn4HZiaZib0bdfibbwoz3KQrIyN9AGxq36ZlZRNicYlPfOOWMtwgsajY6mGNFiaPclFdowjD0/0, createdBy=97bd1338592, createdName=清风拂面, createdTime=Sat Jan 20 15:20:10 CST 2018, time=2018-01-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=280378, encodeId=55022803e8da, content=了解了解.学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Jan 20 15:06:56 CST 2018, time=2018-01-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=280169, encodeId=0fbb28016986, content=^_^^_^^_^^_^, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Swp2ehfHpiciczeTntUyQOlIGMzQ705ic67sdMTVMbwTv7KbmlUvxrGvRSvQZjPkz7ib5tEDfIaORgczPtmHDpwojg/0, createdBy=c54b2163125, createdName=wqkm, createdTime=Fri Jan 19 22:09:49 CST 2018, time=2018-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-01-20 清风拂面

    很好的文章.学习受益匪浅

    0

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    2018-01-20 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    了解了解.学习学习

    0

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    2018-01-19 wqkm

    ^_^^_^^_^^_^

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