JNNP:血浆生物标志物在神经退行性痴呆AT(N)分类中的应用

2021-06-19 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

脑脊液淀粉样蛋白Aβ1–42,总Tau(tTau)和苏氨酸181上的磷酸化Tau(pTau181),是重要的阿尔茨海默病(AD)生物标记物,目前被纳入国家老年阿尔茨海默病协会研究

脑脊液淀粉样蛋白Aβ1–42,总Tau(tTau)和苏氨酸181上的磷酸化Tau(pTau181),是重要的阿尔茨海默病(AD)生物标记物,目前被纳入国家老年阿尔茨海默病协会研究所医疗指南中,用于在研究环境中诊断AD。  世界上许多中心都采用了1-40比值(1-40比值)来早期诊断AD。  一些血浆标志物被开发用来描述中枢神经系统中观察到的病理生理变化。这种方法的挑战之一是,血液中的蛋白质浓度比脑脊液中的低100倍以上,因此需要敏感和特异的方法来测量。

血浆tTau在AD中缺乏疾病特异性,但它在急性脑疾病中很好地识别神经元损伤。 Simoa技术还允许对血浆或血清中的神经丝光(NfL)进行定量,并与脑脊液中的测量结果显示出良好的相关性 。NfL在血液中预测家族性AD和其他神经系统疾病症状前阶段的疾病进展和脑神经退行性变具有重要意义。血液生物标记物作为AD的诊断工具是非常有希望的,个体血浆标志物在不同神经退行性痴呆患者队列中检测各自AT(N)分类及其联合评估的效用尚未得到充分研究,也没有与广泛应用的脑脊液标志物进行比较。血液信号生成AT(N)分类将有助于通过一种简单和微创的方法早期诊断AD。

在目前的工作中, 量化了A,T和N类标记物的血浆水平(Aβ, pTau181和NfL)对不同神经退行性痴呆患者的影响。 评估了血浆生物标志物与脑脊液中生物标志物的相关性, 评估了它们各自的诊断准确性,以检测每一类标记物的血浆水平。 还评估了他们的个体和综合表现,以检测AD的病理生理学。

轻度认知障碍(MCI)、AD痴呆(AD)、路易体痴呆(DLB)共150名患者。21名对照组参与者在标准神经心理学评估中的认知评分正常。通过腰椎穿刺获得脑脊液,按照国际推荐标准收集在聚丙烯管中,并储存在实验室−80°中。 分析核心AD生物标志物的CSF水平。这些标记物作为中心临床常规的一部分进行分析。使用脑脊液生物标记物对AT(N)分类中的所有参与者进行分类。为此, 定义了一系列可能的β1–42 、 β1-40、pTau181和NfL脑脊液临界点。

Figure 2

AT(N)血浆生物标志物与AT(N)脑脊液生物标志物的相关性

共纳入了来自SPIN队列的150名参与者,包括MCI(n=46)、AD(n=8)、DLB(n=25)、FTLD相关综合征(n=25)和46名CN参与者。FTLD相关临床综合征组包括行为变异的额颞叶痴呆(n=10)、原发性进行性失语(n=8)、皮质基底动脉综合征(n=4)、进行性核上性麻痹(n=2)和与运动神经元疾病相关的额颞叶痴呆(n=1)。在按年龄、性别和多重比较进行调整后,Aβ 临床组之间的综合评分具有可比性,但在CN组(p=0.002)、DLB组(p=0.045)和FTLD组(p=0.074)中,A+和A-参与者之间存在显著差异。MCI、AD和DLB组的pTau181水平高于CN组,DLB组T+和T-参与者之间存在显著差异(p=0.006)。FTLD组血浆NfL水平高于CN组(p<0.001)和MCI组(p=0.014)。在CN(p=0.019)、DLB(p=0.016)和FTLD(p=0.003)组中,N+和N-参与者之间存在显著差异。

Figure 3

AT(N)血浆生物标志物在脑脊液(CSF)切面上的诊断准确性

血浆Aβ 、pTau181和NfL得出的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.75、0.78和0.88,用于区分A、T和N类别的阳性和阴性参与者。在区分A+T+和A-T-受试者方面,这三个指标的组合并没有优于单独使用pTau181(AUC=0.81)。整个队列中血浆pTau181和脑脊液pTau181之间(Rho=0.51,p<0.001)无显著差异。血浆NfL水平与脑脊液NfL水平高度相关(Rho=0.78,p<0.001)。

血浆生物标志物有助于检测AT(N)类型,其应用可与AD的病理生理学证据相鉴别,血AT(N)标志物有助于AD的早期诊断和随访。

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    2021-06-20 学医无涯

    很好,学习了

    0

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    2021-06-20 junJUN

    老年人痴呆何药可用??

    0

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    2021-06-20 146d74eam87暂无昵称

    学习了

    0

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    2021-06-19 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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