Cardiovasc Diabetol:比较恩格列净+利格列汀与二甲双胍+甘精胰岛素联合降糖方案对肾脏血流动力学影响的差异

2021-11-08 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

2型糖尿病在全世界的患病率正在逐渐增加。二甲双胍和胰岛素的联合治疗被认为是治疗2型糖尿病的有效和成熟的联合疗法。

背景:2型糖尿病在全世界的患病率正在逐渐增加。二甲双胍和胰岛素的联合治疗被认为是治疗2型糖尿病的有效和成熟的联合疗法。然而,根据美国糖尿病协会和欧洲糖尿病研究协会的最新立场声明,推荐使用双甚至三口服降糖疗法。治疗2型糖尿病的目标之一是延缓心血管和肾脏并发症,包括心力衰竭,这是大约20%-40%的糖尿病患者经历的最常见和最严重的并发症之一。心肾功能之间存在着错综复杂的关系,导致糖尿病、心力衰竭和肾功能不全的恶性循环。本研究旨在评估联合治疗对肾脏血流动力学的影响。

方法:这项前瞻性、随机对照、开放标签、单中心的研究,于2016年4月至2018年11月期间进行。如果患者已经稳定服用二甲双胍(850mg或1000mg bid)至少2个月,则进行4周的磨合期。接受两种降糖药(任何一种都可以)、二甲双胍以外的单药治疗或口服二甲双胍500 mg bid的患者只能转为二甲双胍850 mg或1000 mg bid的单药治疗,为期3个月,具体取决于糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)。二甲双胍单药治疗3个月后,对肾脏和肾小球血流动力学进行基线评估,然后根据研究提供的随机列表,患者随机(1:1)接受恩格列净+利格列汀(E+L)或二甲双胍/甘精胰岛素(M+I)联合治疗。E+L组停用二甲双胍,每日口服恩格列净10 mg、利格列汀5 mg。14天后,如果空腹血糖≥100 mg/dl且没有发现低血糖症状,则将恩格列净增加至25 mg(每日1次)。随机分到M+I组的患者维持二甲双胍剂量(850或1000mg口服),每日皮下注射甘精胰岛素1次。最初每天给予2 - 4 U甘精胰岛素(视体重而定),如果空腹血糖>125mg /dl,则每第三天进行一次剂量调整(电话咨询),视情况增加2u。该方案治疗3个月。用对氨基马尿酸和菊粉测定肾血浆流量(RPF)和肾小球滤过率(GFR)。按Gomez模型计算肾小球内血流动力学。

结果:E+L治疗可降低GFR(p=0.003),但对RPF无明显影响(p=0.536)。相比之下,M+I不仅降低了GFR(p=0.001),而且显著降低了RPF(p<0.001)。肾血管阻力在E+L组降低(p=0.001),在M+I组增加(p=0.001)。两组间RPF、RVR变化有显著性差异(P adjust<0.001)。肾小球内血流动力学分析显示,E+L不改变入小动脉(RA)的阻力(p=0.116),但降低了出小动脉(RE)的阻力(p=0.001)。M+I组RA增加(p=0.006),RE不变(p=0.538)。不同组间对RA(P adjust <0.05)和RE(P  adjust<0.05)的影响不同

表 肾和肾小球内血流动力学

图 治疗引起的肾脏和肾小球内血流动力学的百分比变化

结论:在2型糖尿病患者中,M+I治疗可导致肾灌注减少和血管阻力增加,而E+I治疗可保留肾灌注并降低血管阻力。此外,根据Gomez模型估计对阻力血管的不同潜在作用,M+I增加RA, E+L主要降低RE,这与提出的钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂作用相反。

原文出处:

Ott C,  Jung S,  Korn M,et al.Renal hemodynamic effects differ between antidiabetic combination strategies: randomized controlled clinical trial comparing empagliflozin/linagliptin with metformin/insulin glargine.Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021 Sep 04;20(1)

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  5. 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    2022-01-30 baoya
  6. 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  8. 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    2021-11-08 向阳花开

    受用

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