Nature新闻:开放二胎并不会显著影响中国的出生率

2015-11-03 佚名 生物谷

只要你愿意,现在中国所有的家庭都可以生两个孩子了。 中国共产党放弃了具有争议的独生子女政策,但是人口统计学家认为中国的低生育率并不会显著升高。“从人权的角度来看这是一个好消息。”来自联合国人口司的人类统计学家Patrick Gerland说,“但是几乎不会对现代中国的人口增长有什么效果。因为大部分女性更倾向于工作和事业,而不是拥有一个大家庭。” 独生子女政策的结局并不令人意外,专家说。在

只要你愿意,现在中国所有的家庭都可以生两个孩子了。

中国共产党放弃了具有争议的独生子女政策,但是人口统计学家认为中国的低生育率并不会显著升高。“从人权的角度来看这是一个好消息。”来自联合国人口司的人类统计学家Patrick Gerland说,“但是几乎不会对现代中国的人口增长有什么效果。因为大部分女性更倾向于工作和事业,而不是拥有一个大家庭。”

独生子女政策的结局并不令人意外,专家说。在一些发达国家如日本和德国,低生育率带来在社会福利和卫生系统的投入上的忧虑,中国似乎也预见了这些潜在问题,于是做出了开放二胎的决定。

人类统计学家认为,仅靠改变政策并不会产生很大区别。“联合国预测在未来几十年里中国的生育率会小而缓慢的增加,开放二胎在某种程度上验证了这个预测,但是出生率并不会大幅度增长。”来自西雅图华盛顿大学的人口统计学家Adrian Raftery这么说。

通过联合国最新的评估,目前中国女性一生平均会生1.55个小孩,这个生育率比德国(1.39)和日本(1.4)稍高一点。联合国预测到本世纪中叶中国的出生率会提高到1.75。

“在中国如果生了二胎的话,住房和教育方面都有太多的限制。”Gerland说,“在台湾,独生子女政策并不存在,但是很少有人愿意生第二个孩子。”

根据联合国专家评估,目前世界总人口约有70亿,这个数目虽然在增长但是非常缓慢,到2100年世界人口有可能达到120亿。但是根据精确统计的预测,21世纪人口增长主要会发生在生育率比其他国家高两到三倍的非洲。 

原始出处:

China's birth rate won't be dramatically affected by end of one-child policyNature news.Oct 29,2015

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    2016-06-02 liye789132251
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880858, encodeId=3b01188085854, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Jun 02 17:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=59864, encodeId=91dc5986403, content=这篇文章有一定深度, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=185, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=59121683644, createdName=doctording1, createdTime=Tue Jan 26 17:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=59865, encodeId=764a598657c, content=是一篇不错的文章, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=162, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=59121683644, createdName=doctording1, createdTime=Tue Jan 26 17:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1480204, encodeId=af09148020411, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d47d2404839' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#二胎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=24048, encryptionId=d47d2404839, topicName=二胎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a257628025, createdName=ms1065684921169360, createdTime=Thu Nov 05 02:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42458, encodeId=34584245886, content=个人意愿, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NcXNhUvfhzd2SEXGDldsNfP4rKvY7vJmaHcyvLXicuyaCTJtVOkX3jvd6DwNMD88hDjJwsU7MnUH6zeqC4zt3yGV/0, createdBy=4e701628585, createdName=flyingzyx, createdTime=Wed Nov 04 05:08:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42402, encodeId=4cf74240223, content=100年后非洲人口增加。。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=179, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=05151605011, createdName=linglong1990, createdTime=Tue Nov 03 13:03:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-01-26 doctording1

    这篇文章有一定深度

    0

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    2016-01-26 doctording1

    是一篇不错的文章

    0

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    2015-11-04 flyingzyx

    个人意愿

    0

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    2015-11-03 linglong1990

    100年后非洲人口增加。。。

    0

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