JAMA Netw Open:研究揭示,动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者的更佳治疗时间——发病后12.5小时内!

2022-01-24 “ 心关注”公众号 “ 心关注”公众号

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后约 12.5 小时的手术治疗与改善结果相关。

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)与显着的发病率和死亡率相关。动脉瘤性SAH发病后的最佳治疗时间尚不清楚,早期和延迟治疗的定义差异很大。2015年美国心脏协会和美国卒中协会的临床指南建议尽早治疗,而2013年欧洲卒中组织建议在症状出现后72小时内进行干预。研究数据发现,在发病后24、48或72小时内进行神经外科或血管内治疗与改善临床结果相关。然而,这些数据是异质性的,存在明显的时间主观分层偏差风险,对一个治疗中心或治疗类型的限制,以及对某些患者群体的排斥(例如,不良分级或转移)。

因此,仍然缺乏关于最佳手术时机的有力证据。更好地了解动脉瘤性SAH发病至治疗的最佳时间将有助于改善预后,因此,澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚大学孟席斯医学研究所Marie-Jeanne Buscot教授等人研究了动脉瘤性SAH后的最佳开始治疗时间,以最大限度地提高患者的手术效果。

研究纳入2010年1月至2016年12月期间在澳大利亚两大三级医院的转诊网络报告的 575 例回顾性确定的首例动脉瘤性SAH病例。通过医疗记录得出的发病到治疗的时间,或从症状发作到动脉瘤手术治疗之间的时间(以小时为单位)是主要暴露。此外,研究人员使用从医疗记录中提取的临床特征、并发症和出院目的地,以及通过数据链接获得的 12个月生存率作为主要结果和衡量标准,并检查了起病至治疗的时间与幸存者出院目的地、12个月生存率和神经系统并发症(包括再出血、迟发性脑缺血、脑膜炎、癫痫发作、脑积水和迟发性脑损伤)之间是否存在关联。在 575 名动脉瘤性SAH患者中,研究人员评估了 482 名(平均年龄 55 岁;69.9% 为女性)接受经血管内栓塞或神经外科夹闭术的患者。

结果发现,治疗延迟与出院回家的可能性与康复之间存在非线性关联。在对性别、治疗方式、严重程度、Charlson合并症指数、高血压病史和医院转移进行调整后,类似的非线性关联仍然显着。此外,研究人员在未调整和调整后的 cox 回归模型中观察到治疗时间与 12 个月死亡率之间存在非线性关联,在症状发作后 12.5 小时内接受治疗的死亡风险最低,尽管非线性项在调整后变得不显着。在发病后20小时内接受治疗的患者出院回家的几率更高,与康复或其他住院治疗相比,在发病后12.5小时内接受治疗的患者出院回家的几率增加了约10%,从12.5小时到20小时内接受治疗的患者,出院回家的几率增加了5%。治疗时间与任何并发症之间没有关联。

这项队列研究表明,动脉瘤性SAH的治疗最好在发病后12.5小时内进行,但不能超过24小时,因为这会提高患者12个月的生存率和出院回家的可能性,并且与动脉瘤性SAH和其他混杂因素的严重程度无关。然而,目前动脉瘤SAH患者很少在与最佳结果相关的12.5或24小时窗口内接受治疗。如果这些发现在其他队列中得到证实,则可能需要采取干预措施来缩短动脉瘤SAH患者的治疗时间。

原始出处:

Buscot MJ, et al. Association of Onset-to-Treatment Time With Discharge Destination, Mortality, and Complications Among Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.44039.

 

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    2023-01-09 canlab
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    2022-05-10 feather89
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女性比男性有更高的动脉瘤破裂风险,这种性别差异不能用患者和动脉瘤相关的动脉瘤破裂风险因素的差异来解释。