蛔虫立功了,研究揭示失明新机制

2021-04-15 Sunny MedSci原创

里兰大学医学院(UMSOM)研究团队利用实验室培养的蛔虫,以及人类和小鼠的眼部组织,发现了AMD发病新潜在机制。

年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration,AMD),又称为老年性黄斑变性,常伴有进行性视力损害,严重影响老年人的生存质量,是全世界第三位不可逆性致盲眼病。虽然AMD目前尚未成为我国人群致盲的首要原因,但是随着社会的老龄化,AMD在我国的发病率也逐渐升高。

长期以来对于AMD确切的病因不明。目前医学界公认可能与遗传因素、环境影响、视网膜慢性光损伤、营养失调、代谢障碍等有关。衰老和退变是引起年龄相关性黄斑变性的重要因素。

近期,马里兰大学医学院(UMSOM)研究团队利用实验室培养的蛔虫以及人类和小鼠的眼部组织,发现了AMD发病新潜在机制UMSOM研究人员表示,这一发现表明了一个新的、独特的原因,它不同于以往免疫系统有问题的模型,表明眼睛的光检测细胞的结构组织可能受到疾病的影响。目前研究结果发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》(PNAS)上。

几年前,研究人员曾发现蛋白补体因子H的基因突变是导致大量黄斑变性病例的原因之一。补体因子H将体内的细胞标记为自我,保护它们免受免疫系统的攻击,而免疫系统的工作就是消灭入侵的病原体和不属于自己的细胞。因此,由于补体因子H在这一过程中的作用,人们认为黄斑变性很可能是由于免疫系统攻击了自己体内没有被正确标记为 "自我 "的细胞。

根据UMSOM生物医学工程与技术中心(BioMET)生理学助理教授和科学家Bruce Vogel博士的说法,由于确定该疾病的有效新疗法一直未有进展,他想看看他的团队是否能从研究他的实验室模型--蛔虫C.elegans的疾病成分中找到新的见解。

Vogel博士的团队发现了一种虫版补体因子H蛋白,位于帮助蠕虫检测化学物质、食物、触觉和温度的感觉神经元中。该蛋白特别出现在感觉神经元的小天线的中间区域,即纤毛(做感知环境的工作),就在另一个已知的重要天线蛋白 "反身素 "旁边。然而,在培育出缺乏补体因子H的蠕虫中,他们发现反身素遍布整个天线,而不是留在天线的中间。

蠕虫线虫中的发光感觉细胞,可形成补体因子H蛋白

在健康的光检测细胞中(上图),光感受器视紫红质(绿色)和肌白蛋白(红色)蛋白包含在细胞天线状结构的不同部分中。但是,在缺少补体因子H的光检测小鼠细胞中(左下图)或具有高风险的年龄相关性黄斑变性突变(右下图)的人细胞中,视紫红质和转化蛋白都重叠(黄色)

接下来,研究人员在人类视网膜组织中的感光细胞中证实了他们的结果。在来自健康样本的感光细胞的天线中,补体因子H和反身素的定位相同,彼此相邻。然而在补体因子H突变的人(即有黄斑变性遗传倾向的人)中,他们发现反身素向四周扩散,不再局限于其天线上整齐的带状图案。

研究结果表明,补体因子H在维持光感受器纤毛的组织中起着一定的作用,这一过程可能在与年龄相关的黄斑变性中存在缺陷。研究者表示计划继续开展这项工作,以确定这种结构性破坏如何影响视力,并确定我们是否可以逆转这种破坏并恢复光感受器功能。

马里兰大学巴尔的摩分校负责医疗事务的执行副校长、马里兰大学医学院约翰-Z和Akiko K. Bowers杰出教授兼院长Albert Reece博士、MBA认为:老年性失明是一种大量未治疗的疾病,随着我们人口的不断老龄化,这种疾病只会变得更加普遍。像这样的研究是奠定最终开发治疗方法所需基础的关键,以便治疗失明,使老年人保持独立生活并保持他们的生活质量。

这一发现为确定新的分子靶点以治疗该疾病提供了可能。

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    2021-04-15 七安

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    2021-04-21 13820079eem

    免疫奥妙无穷

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=957285, encodeId=f71295e2850a, content=三人行,必有我师。 <a href='/topic/show?id=d55f104233bd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#梅斯医学科研互助群#</a> 欢迎您的加入,添加【梅斯医学科研助手WeChat:medsci_2021】邀您进群! 【社群简介】👉 梅斯医学目前已建立覆盖肿瘤、心血管、神经、消化、内分泌、呼吸等30个科室的学习交流社群。 【入群福利】👉 群内可实时交流病例,提问同行,跨群讨论,每天更新前沿医学资讯和指南共识,每周推出至少1场专业直播,不时共享科研干货,入群即可获得100份SCI写作攻略!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=104233, encryptionId=d55f104233bd, topicName=梅斯医学科研互助群)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210413/a7082efd72134f339011deffae56d660/9f9bdab2a00341ce92bf6fd196c67f81.png, createdBy=4e205474392, createdName=七安, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 14:51:05 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=959074, encodeId=d2b79590e4cd, content=免疫奥妙无穷, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8ecf2148817, createdName=13820079eem, createdTime=Wed Apr 21 15:56:50 CST 2021, time=2021-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1290062, encodeId=e4f4129006236, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=af9f88e7946' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#蛔虫#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88779, encryptionId=af9f88e7946, topicName=蛔虫)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a9de34, createdName=zhangpaul93, createdTime=Sat Apr 17 00:34:04 CST 2021, time=2021-04-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1039409, encodeId=782c103940907, content=机制研究离临床仍然有距离,不过与临床结合思考,仍然有帮助的,不能仅仅是纯临床思维,转化思维同样重要, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=肿肿, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 12:34:04 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=957234, encodeId=520395e2347f, content=钻研出真知, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8ecf2148817, createdName=13820079eem, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 11:07:48 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=957241, encodeId=01e395e2416d, content=学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b341321986, createdName=daiql1989, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 11:38:17 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=957222, encodeId=b38d95e22274, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4bde5480711, createdName=ms7000001119266541, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 10:33:00 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-04-15 肿肿

    机制研究离临床仍然有距离,不过与临床结合思考,仍然有帮助的,不能仅仅是纯临床思维,转化思维同样重要

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=957285, encodeId=f71295e2850a, content=三人行,必有我师。 <a href='/topic/show?id=d55f104233bd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#梅斯医学科研互助群#</a> 欢迎您的加入,添加【梅斯医学科研助手WeChat:medsci_2021】邀您进群! 【社群简介】👉 梅斯医学目前已建立覆盖肿瘤、心血管、神经、消化、内分泌、呼吸等30个科室的学习交流社群。 【入群福利】👉 群内可实时交流病例,提问同行,跨群讨论,每天更新前沿医学资讯和指南共识,每周推出至少1场专业直播,不时共享科研干货,入群即可获得100份SCI写作攻略!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=104233, encryptionId=d55f104233bd, topicName=梅斯医学科研互助群)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210413/a7082efd72134f339011deffae56d660/9f9bdab2a00341ce92bf6fd196c67f81.png, createdBy=4e205474392, createdName=七安, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 14:51:05 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=959074, encodeId=d2b79590e4cd, content=免疫奥妙无穷, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8ecf2148817, createdName=13820079eem, createdTime=Wed Apr 21 15:56:50 CST 2021, time=2021-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1290062, encodeId=e4f4129006236, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=af9f88e7946' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#蛔虫#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88779, encryptionId=af9f88e7946, topicName=蛔虫)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a9de34, createdName=zhangpaul93, createdTime=Sat Apr 17 00:34:04 CST 2021, time=2021-04-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1039409, encodeId=782c103940907, content=机制研究离临床仍然有距离,不过与临床结合思考,仍然有帮助的,不能仅仅是纯临床思维,转化思维同样重要, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=肿肿, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 12:34:04 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=957234, encodeId=520395e2347f, content=钻研出真知, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8ecf2148817, createdName=13820079eem, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 11:07:48 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=957241, encodeId=01e395e2416d, content=学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b341321986, createdName=daiql1989, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 11:38:17 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=957222, encodeId=b38d95e22274, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4bde5480711, createdName=ms7000001119266541, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 10:33:00 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-04-15 13820079eem

    钻研出真知

    1

    展开1条回复
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=957285, encodeId=f71295e2850a, content=三人行,必有我师。 <a href='/topic/show?id=d55f104233bd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#梅斯医学科研互助群#</a> 欢迎您的加入,添加【梅斯医学科研助手WeChat:medsci_2021】邀您进群! 【社群简介】👉 梅斯医学目前已建立覆盖肿瘤、心血管、神经、消化、内分泌、呼吸等30个科室的学习交流社群。 【入群福利】👉 群内可实时交流病例,提问同行,跨群讨论,每天更新前沿医学资讯和指南共识,每周推出至少1场专业直播,不时共享科研干货,入群即可获得100份SCI写作攻略!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=104233, encryptionId=d55f104233bd, topicName=梅斯医学科研互助群)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210413/a7082efd72134f339011deffae56d660/9f9bdab2a00341ce92bf6fd196c67f81.png, createdBy=4e205474392, createdName=七安, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 14:51:05 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=959074, encodeId=d2b79590e4cd, content=免疫奥妙无穷, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8ecf2148817, createdName=13820079eem, createdTime=Wed Apr 21 15:56:50 CST 2021, time=2021-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1290062, encodeId=e4f4129006236, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=af9f88e7946' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#蛔虫#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88779, encryptionId=af9f88e7946, topicName=蛔虫)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a9de34, createdName=zhangpaul93, createdTime=Sat Apr 17 00:34:04 CST 2021, time=2021-04-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1039409, encodeId=782c103940907, content=机制研究离临床仍然有距离,不过与临床结合思考,仍然有帮助的,不能仅仅是纯临床思维,转化思维同样重要, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=肿肿, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 12:34:04 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=957234, encodeId=520395e2347f, content=钻研出真知, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8ecf2148817, createdName=13820079eem, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 11:07:48 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=957241, encodeId=01e395e2416d, content=学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b341321986, createdName=daiql1989, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 11:38:17 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=957222, encodeId=b38d95e22274, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4bde5480711, createdName=ms7000001119266541, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 10:33:00 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-04-15 daiql1989

    学习一下

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=957285, encodeId=f71295e2850a, content=三人行,必有我师。 <a href='/topic/show?id=d55f104233bd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#梅斯医学科研互助群#</a> 欢迎您的加入,添加【梅斯医学科研助手WeChat:medsci_2021】邀您进群! 【社群简介】👉 梅斯医学目前已建立覆盖肿瘤、心血管、神经、消化、内分泌、呼吸等30个科室的学习交流社群。 【入群福利】👉 群内可实时交流病例,提问同行,跨群讨论,每天更新前沿医学资讯和指南共识,每周推出至少1场专业直播,不时共享科研干货,入群即可获得100份SCI写作攻略!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=104233, encryptionId=d55f104233bd, topicName=梅斯医学科研互助群)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210413/a7082efd72134f339011deffae56d660/9f9bdab2a00341ce92bf6fd196c67f81.png, createdBy=4e205474392, createdName=七安, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 14:51:05 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=959074, encodeId=d2b79590e4cd, content=免疫奥妙无穷, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8ecf2148817, createdName=13820079eem, createdTime=Wed Apr 21 15:56:50 CST 2021, time=2021-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1290062, encodeId=e4f4129006236, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=af9f88e7946' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#蛔虫#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88779, encryptionId=af9f88e7946, topicName=蛔虫)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a9de34, createdName=zhangpaul93, createdTime=Sat Apr 17 00:34:04 CST 2021, time=2021-04-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1039409, encodeId=782c103940907, content=机制研究离临床仍然有距离,不过与临床结合思考,仍然有帮助的,不能仅仅是纯临床思维,转化思维同样重要, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=肿肿, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 12:34:04 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=957234, encodeId=520395e2347f, content=钻研出真知, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8ecf2148817, createdName=13820079eem, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 11:07:48 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=957241, encodeId=01e395e2416d, content=学习一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b341321986, createdName=daiql1989, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 11:38:17 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=957222, encodeId=b38d95e22274, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4bde5480711, createdName=ms7000001119266541, createdTime=Thu Apr 15 10:33:00 CST 2021, time=2021-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-04-15 ms7000001119266541

    学习

    0