功能磁共振成像用于脑语言区定位的研究进展

2016-12-29 中华外科杂志2016年第54卷第2期 中华外科杂志

目前定位运动、语言等脑功能区的金标准是术中直接皮质电刺激技术(intraoperative stimulation mapping,ISM)。但该方法具有侵袭性,且无法进行术前评估,其应用受到一定限制。近年来,运用血氧水平依赖方法获得脑功能激活区的功能磁共振成像(functional MRI,fMRI)技术得到广泛应用,其用于运动区定位已较成熟,可靠性也得到了验证;但语言fMRI的应用才刚起步

目前定位运动、语言等脑功能区的金标准是术中直接皮质电刺激技术(intraoperative stimulation mapping,ISM)。但该方法具有侵袭性,且无法进行术前评估,其应用受到一定限制。近年来,运用血氧水平依赖方法获得脑功能激活区的功能磁共振成像(functional MRI,fMRI)技术得到广泛应用,其用于运动区定位已较成熟,可靠性也得到了验证;但语言fMRI的应用才刚起步。语言fMRI需根据个体情况选用相应的激活任务,这就要求临床医师熟悉每种任务对应的激活区域、应用范围和价值。

 

一、语言功能的评估和语言fMRI任务的选择

 

通常,在语言fMRI检查前需使用量表评估患者的语言功能状况。完成评估后,即对患者进行语言fMRI检查,并选用合适的任务以提高检查的准确性。

 

1.动词产生和图片命名:

 

这两种任务在工作中最常选用。动词产生任务通过让被试根据呈现的名词产生与之相关的动词来激活语义加工网络及表达性语言中枢,其显示颞叶语言区的灵敏度低于额叶语言区。动词产生任务通常包括视觉呈现动词产生和听觉呈现动词产生,前者主要激活语义加工网络和语言表达功能区;后者除激活上述区域外,还可激活感觉性语言区。图片命名任务则要求被试者对呈现图片中的物体进行命名,涉及物体的辨认与感知、概念的提取、语音及语义的提取、言语表达过程的启动等过程;激活范围较动词产生更大,除了明显激活左侧额下回外,亦激活双侧额叶、颞叶和顶叶的部分脑区。

 

2.词语辨识:

 

该任务包括视觉和听觉两种呈现方式,要求被试判断所呈现词语的词性(具体或抽象),或是判断词语代表的物体是否有危险性。词语辨识任务可激活较为复杂的语言功能网络,包括语句感知、语音加工、词语理解、词汇存储与提取及词语记忆等,主要激活主侧颞叶的感觉性语言区,也可激活双侧额叶、颞叶及顶叶的部分区域。Kamada等发现视觉词语辨识任务主要激活左侧颞上回及缘上回;而Kunii等则发现该任务对额叶语言区激活的强度最高,高于颞叶语言区。上述两项研究出自同一中心,结果不同,可能与不同病变导致的不同语言功能重塑方式有关。仪晓立等对左侧额叶或颞叶胶质瘤患者在术前采用听觉词语辨识任务和听觉词汇复述任务激活语言区,发现两种任务可以很好地定位Broca区和Wernicke区。

 

3.词语产生:

 

常见的有反义词产生任务和词语流畅性任务。反义词产生是根据视觉呈现的词语,由被试默念其反义词,该任务可激活感觉性语言解析、表达性语言加工、发音等语言过程,用于定位Broca区具有很高的可信度和较强的激活强度;由于该任务与ISM任务模式类似(均为发声任务),因此该任务定位的语言区与ISM结果具有更好的一致性。词语流畅性任务是根据视觉呈现的字母,由被试默念该字母开头的词语,或让被试默念与提示的单词相关的词语。该任务激活语言区的原理与反义词产生任务类似。Picht等发现该任务可激活左侧额中回、额下回、颞上回、缘上回。Kundu等则将这两种任务联合用于脑语言区肿瘤患者,发现二者结合后可显著激活所有病例的Broca区和93.9%(46/49)患者的Wernicke区。

 

4.理解任务:

 

包括句子和段落理解任务,对感觉性语言区有较好的激活效果。Lurito等将该任务应用于颞顶叶胶质瘤患者,发现感觉性语言区有较好激活。但该任务激活语言区的可靠性难以被ISM准确地证实,原因在于ISM选用的多为表达性语言任务,因此,可利用该任务指导术中ISM刺激的范围。

 

5.句子产生:

 

该任务要求被试根据呈现的单词造句并默念。该任务包括理解、语音加工、语义加工、语法加工等语言过程的多个方面,可广泛激活语言区,灵敏度较高。de Ribaupierre等将该任务用于8例癫痫患者,发现所有患者均出现了侧裂周围语言区的激活;8例见左侧额下回激活,6例见左侧颞叶的激活,但该任务的特异度较差。

 

总之,理想的fMRI任务应能激活目标功能区,且保证其他脑区功能维持在基线水平,但大脑的认知功能是在多个脑区相互协调的基础上完成的,每个脑区的功能都具有多样性,这就增加了设计任务的难度。鉴于单一fMRI语言任务的局限性,多位学者指出应使用多种任务,可较单一任务提高语言区定位的灵敏度和特异度。

 

二、fMRI应用于术前语言区定位的不足及对策

 

De Witte和Mariën综述现有神经外科语言fMRI研究后发现,以ISM结果作为金标准,fMRI对语言区定位的灵敏度为66%,而对感觉、视觉和运动功能区定位的灵敏度则为82%~100%,提示fMRI定位语言区的有效性依然欠佳。原因可能为:(1)ISM可定位与语言表达和语言加工直接相关的脑功能区,而fMRI显示的是与语言加工有关的所有功能区。(2)术前语言fMRI与ISM使用的刺激任务不同,ISM任务多较简单。(3)与患者本身有关,病灶的病理类型、位置各不相同,语言功能受损及重塑的程度也随之不同;此外,不同患者手术时暴露的脑组织范围不同,ISM刺激的皮层范围也不尽相同。(4)扫描参数和任务设计存在差异。(5)数据处理方法、选用软件及激活阈值存在差异。

 

为提高fMRI定位语言区的灵敏度,学者们做了一些有益的尝试:Fitzgerald等、Roux等及Kim和Singh发现选用多种任务进行fMRI语言功能区定位较单一任务的灵敏度更高。Young等建议在执行语言fMRI任务时,应至少选择一种任务让患者口述完成。

 

一般来说,在选择语言任务时要考虑多种因素。(1)病灶部位:病灶主要位于额叶、岛叶者可选用动词产生、图片命名、词语产生任务;病灶主要位于颞顶叶者可选用词语辨识任务和理解任务;而波及范围较广者则应兼顾表达和理解任务,并结合句子产生任务。(2)患者语言功能状态及对检查的依从性:文化程度较高、依从性较好者,可考虑稍复杂、耗时稍长的任务,如段落理解、词语辨识任务;反之,则应选择简单任务,如图片命名等。(3)术前fMRI检查选用的任务应尽可能与ISM选用的任务相符。总之,选择fMRI语言任务时既要规范化,又要个体化,这就需要开展多中心前瞻性随机对照研究,评价不同任务的有效性,并建立语言fMRI的操作规范。Binder等已对此作了一定的探索,他们联合其他6家研究中心,选用相同的fMRI任务组块及激活任务研究颞叶癫痫患者语言功能激活情况,结果提示fMRI的可信性较高。

 

三、未来发展方向

 

任务态fMRI用于术前语言区定位仍存在较多不足,如对被试执行任务的依从性要求高、任务选择无统一标准、扫描时间长等。静息态fMRI则避免了这些缺点,可以在被试保持安静的情况下确定感觉运动和语言网络。目前,已有少量将静息态MRI应用于术前定位语言区的研究。邱天明等以ISM为金标准,比较静息态fMRI和任务态fMRI定位语言区的灵敏度,发现两者分别为47.8%和35.1%,认为静息态fMRI有助于术前语言区定位,但灵敏度有待提高。Tie等应用独立成分分析法进行数据分析,发现静息态fMRI较任务态fMRI定位语言区的偏侧性更强,对非语言区(如视觉皮层)的显示更少。这些研究结果显示,静息态fMRI用于术前语言区定位有良好应用前景。

 

fMRI作为无创手段在语言区定位中具有无可比拟的优势,但国际上进行的语言fMRI的定位研究基本均基于英语等字母语言,这些定位模式是否适用于汉语(象形文字),其激活结果是否和汉语相似?国内一些学者对此进行了探索。尚金星等使用汉语同义字判断任务、朗读单字任务和听力理解任务组成的一套语言任务,可以激活包括左额中回、Broca区和Wernicke区在内的语言区。王美豪等考察参与汉语加工的脑功能区在执行语义判断和语音判断两种语言任务过程中fMRI激活的可复制性和稳定性,发现语义判断任务在显示Broca区方面的稳定性要更好。高寒等应用fMRI分析母语为汉语普通话、英语为第二语言的非熟练晚双语者皮层语言区定位特点,选用汉、英双语的词语语义、语音、字形的辨识任务,发现上述语言任务均可激活语言网络中的多个脑区,体现各自的认知加工特点,晚双语者的双语加工存在类似的神经机制,但执行英语语音和字形任务时左侧偏侧化不明显。除此之外,国内各中心的汉语语言区定位结果是否具有可比性,也是需要解决的问题。因此,建立统一的fMRI操作规范,可进一步评价各种任务在汉语功能区定位中的价值,推动我国在脑功能定位领域的发展。

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954370, encodeId=412219543e077, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=955232931f1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#功能磁共振成像#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32931, encryptionId=955232931f1, topicName=功能磁共振成像)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Wed Feb 08 09:46:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178012, encodeId=d1a91e8012b7, content=这篇咨询不错哦,值得学习,对于临床工作和科研思路都很有帮助。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Sun Feb 26 19:32:32 CST 2017, time=2017-02-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=172176, encodeId=c0181e217653, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Mon Jan 23 15:26:40 CST 2017, time=2017-01-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=169498, encodeId=8b781694983c, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Wed Jan 11 08:07:43 CST 2017, time=2017-01-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1341550, encodeId=3846134155085, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=24b8e37529a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#磁共振#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73752, encryptionId=24b8e37529a, topicName=磁共振)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=24a22500182, createdName=1696533704_45270454, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 14:46:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1380691, encodeId=37671380691b0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9281e34519b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#研究进展#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73451, encryptionId=9281e34519b, topicName=研究进展)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f13d475, createdName=mashirong, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 14:46:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1418166, encodeId=3a63141816635, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a4719180605' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#语言#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91806, encryptionId=a4719180605, topicName=语言)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c16b3335392, createdName=yangjxjc, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 14:46:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1543391, encodeId=fe6a1543391eb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=665632930d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#功能磁共振#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32930, encryptionId=665632930d8, topicName=功能磁共振)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=6cae13580069, createdName=1249884fm91暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 14:46:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-02-26 李东泽

    这篇咨询不错哦,值得学习,对于临床工作和科研思路都很有帮助。

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954370, encodeId=412219543e077, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=955232931f1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#功能磁共振成像#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32931, encryptionId=955232931f1, topicName=功能磁共振成像)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Wed Feb 08 09:46:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178012, encodeId=d1a91e8012b7, content=这篇咨询不错哦,值得学习,对于临床工作和科研思路都很有帮助。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Sun Feb 26 19:32:32 CST 2017, time=2017-02-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=172176, encodeId=c0181e217653, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Mon Jan 23 15:26:40 CST 2017, time=2017-01-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=169498, encodeId=8b781694983c, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Wed Jan 11 08:07:43 CST 2017, time=2017-01-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1341550, encodeId=3846134155085, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=24b8e37529a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#磁共振#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73752, encryptionId=24b8e37529a, topicName=磁共振)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=24a22500182, createdName=1696533704_45270454, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 14:46:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1380691, encodeId=37671380691b0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9281e34519b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#研究进展#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73451, encryptionId=9281e34519b, topicName=研究进展)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f13d475, createdName=mashirong, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 14:46:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1418166, encodeId=3a63141816635, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a4719180605' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#语言#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91806, encryptionId=a4719180605, topicName=语言)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c16b3335392, createdName=yangjxjc, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 14:46:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1543391, encodeId=fe6a1543391eb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=665632930d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#功能磁共振#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32930, encryptionId=665632930d8, topicName=功能磁共振)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=6cae13580069, createdName=1249884fm91暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 14:46:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-01-23 李东泽

    很好,不错,以后会多学习

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1954370, encodeId=412219543e077, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=955232931f1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#功能磁共振成像#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32931, encryptionId=955232931f1, topicName=功能磁共振成像)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Wed Feb 08 09:46:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178012, encodeId=d1a91e8012b7, content=这篇咨询不错哦,值得学习,对于临床工作和科研思路都很有帮助。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Sun Feb 26 19:32:32 CST 2017, time=2017-02-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=172176, encodeId=c0181e217653, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Mon Jan 23 15:26:40 CST 2017, time=2017-01-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=169498, encodeId=8b781694983c, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Wed Jan 11 08:07:43 CST 2017, time=2017-01-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1341550, encodeId=3846134155085, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=24b8e37529a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#磁共振#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73752, encryptionId=24b8e37529a, topicName=磁共振)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=24a22500182, createdName=1696533704_45270454, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 14:46:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1380691, encodeId=37671380691b0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9281e34519b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#研究进展#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73451, encryptionId=9281e34519b, topicName=研究进展)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f13d475, createdName=mashirong, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 14:46:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1418166, encodeId=3a63141816635, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a4719180605' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#语言#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91806, encryptionId=a4719180605, topicName=语言)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c16b3335392, createdName=yangjxjc, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 14:46:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1543391, encodeId=fe6a1543391eb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=665632930d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#功能磁共振#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32930, encryptionId=665632930d8, topicName=功能磁共振)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=6cae13580069, createdName=1249884fm91暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 14:46:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-01-11 李东泽

    很好,不错,以后会多学习

    0

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    2016-12-31 yangjxjc
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