Nature Aging:复旦大学冯建峰团队发现,中老年人最佳睡眠时间为7小时

2022-06-10 Brain “Brainology”公众号

对于中老年群体,最佳睡眠时长是多少?睡眠与他们的心理健康、认知能力有怎样的关系?这些关系背后的遗传与神经机制是什么?这些问题对于更好地理解人的老化过程以及中老年人的健康睡眠临床指导都具有重要意义。

随着全球疫情大流行以及老龄化社会的加速,中老年人睡眠与健康问题日益受到关注,其睡眠障碍比例高达50%,而睡眠模式、时长的改变和睡眠质量的下降也是老化过程中的重要特征之一。那么对于中老年群体,最佳睡眠时长是多少?睡眠与他们的心理健康、认知能力有怎样的关系?这些关系背后的遗传与神经机制是什么?这些问题对于更好地理解人的老化过程以及中老年人的健康睡眠临床指导都具有重要意义。

2022年4月28日,复旦大学类脑智能科学与技术研究院冯建峰教授/程炜青年研究员团队在 Nature Aging 期刊发表了题为:The brain structure and genetic mechanisms underlying the nonlinear association between sleep duration, cognition and mental health 的研究论文。

该研究利用大数据分析方法对近50万人的基因、影像、行为等多维度数据开展了研究。该研究首次系统刻画了中老年人睡眠时长认知功能、精神健康等多维度表型之间的非线性关系,并发现该关系背后的遗传与神经基础,为指导中老年人健康睡眠、促进中老年人认知与精神健康提供科学依据。

该研究表明,7小时是中年及以上人群的理想睡眠时间,睡眠过多或过少与较差的认知能力和心理健康有关。

图一:课题整体研究思路

基于UK Biobank数据库,研究团队对近50万被试(38-73岁)的睡眠时长与认知、精神健康等广泛行为表征进行非线性建模分析,研究发现睡眠时长与中老年人的认知能力、精神健康呈显着的非线性关联,且存在着一致的7小时最优睡眠时长。进一步纵向随访数据分析表明睡眠时长相对稳定的被试表现出更好的认知能力和精神健康。该发现提示我们每天7小时睡眠以及保持规律的睡眠能够促进中老年群体的身心健康。

图二:睡眠与精神健康之间的非线性关联

借助大数据统计建模方法,研究团队进一步利用神经影像多模态数据对上述非线性关系背后的神经机制展开研究。研究发现,睡眠时长与眶额叶皮层、海马、颞叶皮层以及中央前回等情感、记忆环路的核心脑区的脑结构特征(如脑结构体积,皮层面积等)也呈显着非线性关联,并与行为学的发现一致以7小时为转折点。进一步中介分析表明,这些脑结构介导了睡眠时长与认知、精神健康的关系,表明这些脑区的功能可能是上述睡眠时长与行为学表征非线性关系的神经基础。

图三:睡眠与脑体积之间的非线性关联

最后,研究团队进一步整合遗传、影像、睡眠、认知、精神健康跨尺度的数据,利用贝叶斯模型系统地刻画这五个维度数据之间的相互作用关系,建立睡眠问题从微观遗传基因到介观神经影像再到宏观行为表型的统一模型。为我们理解老化过程睡眠与认知、精神健康复杂作用关系提供了全面的视角与统一的理论。

图四:影像、睡眠、认知、精神健康之间的作用关系模型

该工作是冯建峰/程炜研究团队继儿童、成人睡眠研究之后在该领域针对中老年睡眠问题的又一新突破。早在2018年团队就发现成人睡眠与抑郁共病的脑连接基础,随后在儿童睡眠研究中发现儿童睡眠紊乱及多动症之间的共病关系及关键共病脑区,发现儿童睡眠时长与多维度行为表征的作用关系及背后的神经影像机制等,系列工作发表在精神疾病顶级期刊 JAMA Psychiatry、Biological Psychiatry 及 Molecular Psychiatry 上。

该研究通讯作者、复旦大学类脑智能科学与技术研究院院长冯建峰教授表示,本研究首次聚焦老年人的睡眠问题,系统地阐释了睡眠时长与老年人精神健康关系及其遗传与神经机制,完善了全生命周期人群睡眠问题研究的重要一环。下一步,我们还将围绕睡眠这一人类重大健康问题,整合多中心,全维度的遗传影像数据,对各生命周期人群的睡眠问题进行系统地研究,构建全生命周期的睡眠谱,为各阶段人群睡眠问题提供科学依据与实践指导。

复旦类脑研究院冯建峰教授及程炜青年研究员为该文的通讯作者,复旦类脑研究院博士生李玉珠以及复旦类脑研究院特聘教授 Barbara J. Sahakian 为共同一作。

原始出处:

Li, Y., Sahakian, B.J., Kang, J. et al. The brain structure and genetic mechanisms underlying the nonlinear association between sleep duration, cognition and mental health. Nat Aging 2, 425–437 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43587-022-00210-2

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    2022-11-13 liye789132251
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    2022-06-12 saikp
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    2022-06-11 120d521dm50暂无昵称

    好文,学习了

    0

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