Nat Metab:干细胞+鱼油——治疗抑郁症的新武器

2020-06-16 竹子 转化医学网

导言:简单地吃几片药到底能不能有效地缓解抑郁症症状?近年来,有研究证实干细胞可以一定程度改善和修复神经系统的结构和功能,也为利用干细胞治疗抑郁症提供了理论依据。另外,由于鱼肉中富含欧米伽-3脂肪酸,大

导言:简单地吃几片药到底能不能有效地缓解抑郁症症状?近年来,有研究证实干细胞可以一定程度改善和修复神经系统的结构和功能,也为利用干细胞治疗抑郁症提供了理论依据。另外,由于鱼肉中富含欧米伽-3脂肪酸,大量食用鱼肉可以降低抑郁症的发病率。这也使得科学家们研究是否含有高水平欧米伽-3脂肪酸的鱼油也有类似的效果。科学家结合这两者,为治疗抑郁症带来了新的希望。

重度抑郁症是最常见的精神疾病。大约六分之一的人一生中会经历至少一次抑郁症发作。但是,约有三分之一的患者抗抑郁治疗无效。

研究表明,患有严重抑郁症的人似乎在大脑中有更多的持续性炎症,以及其他通常与炎症相关的疾病,如心脏病和类风湿关节炎。但是要进一步理解这种联系还需要更多的研究。研究发现,鱼油或欧米伽-3脂肪酸这两种药物都能抑制大脑和身体的炎症,提高免疫系统功能。

鱼油由两种主要脂肪酸组成:EPA(二十碳五烯酸)和DHA(二十二碳六烯酸)。EPA和DHA都是多不饱和脂肪,也被称为“有益脂肪”。因为这两种脂肪酸都有很多好处,所以选择对精神健康有益的补充剂时,专家一般推荐保健品中EPA的含量应在50%或60%以上。EPA中含量较高的保健品益处更大。

早期大家服用鱼油治疗抑郁症的想法很简单:人们可以在医生的指导下尝试作为其他疗法和治疗的补充,看看它是否有帮助,但他们不应该期望它是一种神奇的药物。

近日,伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校(UIC)的研究人员在《分子精神病学》上发表的一项研究表明,患者来源的成人干细胞,可用于模拟重度抑郁症并测试患者对药物的反应。还发现,在模拟进行测试时,鱼油会产生抗抑郁反应。

在这项研究中,UIC研究人员使用了患有抑郁症的成年人的皮肤细胞,这些皮肤细胞在马萨诸塞州总医院转化为干细胞,然后将这些干细胞培养为神经细胞。皮肤活检取自两种类型的患者:以前对抗抑郁药治疗有反应的人和以前对抗抑郁药有抵抗力的人。对鱼油进行测试时,对治疗敏感和对治疗有抵抗力的患者的模型均反应良好。这种反应类似于处方抗抑郁药所见的反应,但它是通过不同的机制产生的。

研究证明鱼油部分地作用于神经胶质细胞,而不是神经元。多年来,科学家一直很少关注神经胶质细胞(一种围绕神经元的脑细胞),但是越来越多的证据表明神经胶质细胞可能在抑郁症中起作用。研究表明,神经胶质细胞对于抗抑郁作用也很重要。

研究还表明,干细胞模型可用于研究对治疗的反应,鱼油作为抑郁症的治疗方法或伴随治疗方法值得进一步研究。

原始出处:

Nichole S. Tyler, Clara M. Mosquera-Lopez, Leah M. Wilson, et.al. An artificial intelligence decision support system for the management of type 1 diabetes. Nature Metabolism 01 June 2020

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    2021-11-12 湘雅科教

    已拜读,受益匪浅。

    0

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    2021-01-25 一闲
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    2020-09-28 guojianrong
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    2021-02-08 liye789132251
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    2020-06-19 独孤立克

    干细胞是热点,但是进入临床仍然需要时间和临床疗效验证哦

    0

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