Chest:支气管肺泡灌洗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的快速检测

2019-03-02 xing.T 网络

由此可见,MRSA高度敏感的BAL RDT显著降低了万古霉素和利奈唑胺在疑似肺炎患者中的使用率。基于RDT的治疗没有不良效应,且有降低住院死亡率的趋势。

指南推荐经验性万古霉素或利奈唑胺治疗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)高风险的疑似肺炎患者。不必要的万古霉素或利奈唑胺使用可能会改变宿主菌群并使患者暴露于药物毒性中。近日,呼吸领域权威杂志chest上发表了一篇研究文章,研究人员试图确定在治疗疑似MRSA肺炎中快速检测支气管肺泡灌洗(BAL)中的MRSA是否可以安全地减少使用万古霉素或利奈唑胺。

实验的操作特征最初验证是通过残留BAL培养进行的。随后进行了前瞻性、非盲、随机临床试验,以评估基于快速诊断试验(RDT)的抗生素治疗与常规治疗相比的效应,其中主要结局是万古霉素或利奈唑胺给药的持续时间。次要结局侧重于安全性。

RPCR的敏感性为95.7%,MRSA的阴性似然比为0.04。该临床试验随机分配了45名患者:22名基于RDT的抗生素治疗,23名常规治疗。在干预组中,万古霉素或利奈唑胺给药的持续时间显著减少(32小时[IQR为22-48] vs. 72小时[50-113],p<0.001)。干预组的并发症和住院时间的比例趋于较低。干预组的住院死亡率为13.6%,常规治疗组为39.1%(差异为95%CI为-3.3%至50.3%,p=0.06)。干预组的标准化死亡率为0.48,常规治疗组为1.18。

由此可见,MRSA高度敏感的BAL RDT显著降低了万古霉素和利奈唑胺在疑似肺炎患者中的使用率。基于RDT的治疗没有不良效应,且有降低住院死亡率的趋势。

原始出处:


Joseph R. Paonessa,et al.Rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in bronchoalveolar lavage: A pilot randomized controlled trial.chest.2019.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2019.02.007

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    2020-01-24 zhaojie88
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    2019-12-16 Smile2680
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