NATURE:黑色素瘤如何对抗肿瘤免疫做出反应?

2020-12-18 haibei MedSci原创

已有的研究显示,广泛的肿瘤炎症的出现可以反映在高水平的浸润性T细胞和干扰素-γ(IFNγ)信号,并可以改善黑色素瘤患者对检查点免疫疗法的反应。然而,许多肿瘤通过激活导致免疫抑制

已有的研究显示,广泛的肿瘤炎症的出现可以反映在高水平的浸润性T细胞和干扰素-γ(IFNγ)信号,并可以改善黑色素瘤患者对检查点免疫疗法的反应。然而,许多肿瘤通过激活导致免疫抑制的细胞途径来逃避。其中一个这样的机制是由吲哚胺2,3-二加氧酶1(IDO1)酶沿犬尿氨酸途径产生色氨酸代谢物,这是由IFNγ诱导的。

然而,在黑色素瘤患者中,使用抑制IDO1与阻断PD1通路相结合的临床试验,与单独的PD1通路阻断相比,并没有提高治疗的疗效,这表明我们对IDO1的作用以及随之而来的色氨酸在mRNA翻译和癌症进展中的降解不完全了解。

最近,研究人员使用黑色素瘤细胞的核糖体图谱,调查长期IFNγ治疗对mRNA翻译的影响。值得注意的是,研究人员观察到色氨酸密码子下游的核糖体的积累,以及它们在色氨酸密码子处的预期停滞。

这表明,在没有色氨酸的情况下,核糖体会绕过色氨酸密码子。对这些色氨酸相关的核糖体积累的详细检查--研究人员称之为 "W-bumps"--表明它们的特点是核糖体框架转移事件。

与之一致的是,报告系统实验与蛋白质组和免疫肽组分析相结合,证明了核糖体框架转移的诱导,以及IFNγ处理后在细胞表面异常跨框架肽的产生和呈现。用异常肽对来自健康供体的幼稚T细胞进行诱导,可诱导出肽特异性T细胞。

综上,该实验结果表明,IDO1介导的由IFNγ诱导的色氨酸耗竭,通过促进肽组景观的多样化,在黑色素瘤细胞的免疫识别中具有一定的作用。

 

原始出处:

Osnat Bartok et al. Anti-tumour immunity induces aberrant peptide presentation in melanoma. NATURE (2020). 

 

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    2021-09-14 liye789132251
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    2021-03-07 sunylz
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    2020-12-18 水-晶

    期待有更多这方面的研究,目前对于免疫研究还是相对的表浅#学习#

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