BMJ:分娩那些事儿——产程活跃期停用催产素的利与弊

2021-04-15 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

快速分娩的妇女可能从停止催产素中获益最多。

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大约四分之一的足月孕妇在分娩时都进行进行了人工引产,这个过程中通常包括催产素的刺激,这种刺激需要一种微妙的平衡——既要促进分娩也要防止子宫过度收缩的风险。催产素给药的不同方法已被提出,如搏动或间歇给药,自动反馈系统,高剂量与低剂量,在达到分娩活跃期时停止刺激等。

四项荟萃分析和两项最近的研究表明,一旦妇女处于活跃分娩状态,即使停止催产素刺激,分娩也仍将继续,降低了子宫过度收缩导致的胎儿窘迫等导致最终剖腹产的风险。在产程活跃期停止催产素刺激是否有利仍不确定。为了确定在引产活动阶段停止催产素刺激是否与较低的剖宫产率有关,有研究者进行了相关临床试验,该研究结果近日发表在BMJ杂志上。

这是一项国际多中心、双盲、随机对照试验,招募工作在丹麦的9个产房和荷兰的1个产房进行,共纳入在引产的潜伏期静脉注射催产素刺激的1200名妇女。主要结局是剖宫产。

研究结果显示,共有607名女性被指定在产程活跃期停止注射催产素,593名则被指定继续注射催产素。中止组剖腹产率为16.6% (n=101),继续组为14.2% (n=84)94例既往无剖宫产的产妇中,终止组剖宫产率为7.5%(11/147),继续组为0.6%(1/155)停止注射催产素与更长的分娩时间相关与过度刺激的风险降低、胎儿心率异常的风险降低风险有关,但其他不良产妇和新生儿结局的发生率在两组之间相似。

母婴预后

这项双盲、随机的多中心试验发现,在可以保证监测胎儿状况和子宫收缩的情况下,停止使用催产素可能会导致剖宫产风险的轻微增加。另一方面,当停止使用催产素时,子宫过度刺激和胎儿心率异常的风险显著降低,这在因资源短缺而难以密切观察母亲和胎儿的环境中可能很重要。其他产妇和新生儿结局,包括妇女的出生经历,在两组之间没有显著差异。

有趣的是,参与试验的助产人员报告说,他们普遍对低于平均水平的宫颈扩张速度感到不耐烦,这导致了医疗和助产同行要求重新使用催产素的压力——尽管试验的标准没有达到。此外,大量妇女改为开放标签输液也可能反映了助产士对安慰剂是否安全的担忧。

在研究期间,又有202名丹麦妇女同意参加,但由于分娩的快速进展,工作人员没有时间进行随机分组和干预。快速分娩的妇女可能从停止催产素中获益最多,这可能解释了本研究中两组妇女的剖宫产率没有差异。因此,在宫颈扩张速度高于平均水平的妇女中,选择性地停止催产素输注可能是一种优势。未来的研究可以集中在这一子群体上。

参考文献:Continued versus discontinued oxytocin stimulation in the active phase of labour (CONDISOX): double blind randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2021; 373 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n716 (Published 14 April 2021)Cite this as: BMJ 2021;373:n716

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    2021-09-10 wfang558
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    2021-11-30 gaoxiaoe
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    2021-04-17 linlin2312
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    2021-04-17 zhanfl
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    2021-04-16 乙娆

    给临床一些思考

    0

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    2021-04-16 ms8000001847665626

    有用

    0

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    2021-04-15 科研科研科研

    催产素的利与弊

    0

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