Radiology:视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病的新角度:从影像走向临床

2021-07-20 shaosai MedSci原创

脊髓受累是视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病(NMOSD)的核心特征。传统上,急性脊髓损伤至少涉及三个连续的椎体节段,但也同时也可观察到较短的损伤。

 脊髓受累是视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病(NMOSD)的核心特征。传统上,急性脊髓损伤至少涉及三个连续的椎体节段,但也同时也可观察到较短的损伤。与多发性硬化症相反,无症状的脊髓损伤在NMOSD中并不常见。脊髓炎通常会发展为快速进展的完全性脊髓综合征,随后高达80%的患者会留下临床残疾。

有研究在NMOSD的患者中发现了有统计学意义的脊髓萎缩以及神经退行性变的证据。尽管先前的研究显示,脊髓萎缩与脊髓炎发作次数相关,但据我们所知,局灶性病变与萎缩之间的空间关系的相关研究十分有限。

近日,发表在Radiology杂志的一项研究探讨了NMOSDs患者脊髓T1低信号病变的MRI空间分布特征及其与脊髓萎缩、临床残疾的相关性,为临床进一步阐明NMOSD的疾病进展及影像学特征提供了有价值的参考依据。

本项前瞻性研究评估了2010年2月至2018年7月间血清阳性NMOSDs患者和年龄匹配的健康对照组患者的三维T1加权脊髓MRI图像。生成T1低信号病变的二元掩模和病变概率图。采用活动面法计算颈髓和上胸髓(至T3水平)的截面积。使用全因子模型评估NMOSDs患者的脊髓萎缩。应用多元回归模型研究脊髓萎缩与临床和MRI测量的相关性。

本研究共纳入了52名NMOSDs患者(平均年龄±标准差,44岁±15岁;45名女性)和28名年龄匹配的健康对照参与者(平均年龄44±13岁;16名女性)。52名NMOSDs患者中有38人(73%)有表现为T1低信号的脊髓损伤。在健康对照组中未发现脊髓损伤。病变概率图显示病变主要累及上颈(C2-C4)和上胸(T1-T3水平)部脊髓。Bonferroni校正后,C1-C4受损伤越严重(P值范围,.007-.04),灰质损伤范围的百分比越大(P < .001)。萎缩与脊髓局灶性病变共同存在,并与扩大残疾状态量表的锥型评分(r范围为-0.53 -0.40;P < .001)和敏感评分(r范围为-0.48 -0.46;P = .001)相关。没有脊髓损伤的参与者没有脊髓萎缩

图 该图显示T1低信号病变概率图和局部萎缩。矢状位和轴位显示每个脊髓水平上T1低信号病变的概率图加上脊后区域(AP)(左侧,阈值仅保留概率为包括病变的≥30%的像素;彩虹色刻度代表频率值),矢状和轴位图显示与健康对照组相比,在每个脊髓水平加上AP(右侧;从黄色到棕色的颜色刻度表示t值)。条形图显示T1病变在每个脊髓水平的灰质和白质体积百分比以及在每个脊髓水平的脊髓区域减少百分比(萎缩)。C =颈,T =胸。

表 T1低信号病变体积在椎体节段间GM和WM的区域分布。

本研究表明,在视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病中,脊髓病变在MRI上主要分布在上颈部脊髓和灰质中,并与脊髓萎缩和临床残疾相关,为临床进一步了解神经脊髓炎谱系疾病的发生发展机制及准确的识别和治疗提供了新的思路,为进一步的相关研究开辟了道路。

原文出处:

Laura Cacciaguerra,Paola Valsasina,Sarlota Mesaros,et

al. Spinal Cord Atrophy in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders Is Spatially Related to Cord Lesions and Disability.

DOI:10.1148/radiol.2020192664

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    2021-09-15 xlysu
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    2022-02-19 gj0740
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