JNNP-房颤致缺血性卒中,抗凝后中风再发风险更高

2021-07-08 Freeman MedSci原创

-房颤致缺血性卒中,抗凝后中风再发风险更高

心房颤动(AF)与缺血性卒中风险的增加有关,研究表明,口服抗凝治疗与缺血性卒中风险的降低有关。然而,尽管进行了抗凝治疗,AF患者的缺血性卒中风险仍然升高。SPAF试验的患者层面数据荟萃分析显示,华法林的缺血性中风总风险为每100个患者年2例。

重要的是,在以前有中风或TIA的患者中,这一风险几乎是两倍(近4/100患者-年)。最近的研究将直接口服抗凝剂(DOACs)与华法林和阿司匹林进行了比较,发现了类似的趋势,在使用DOACs治疗的患者中,缺血性中风/系统性栓塞的发生率每年高达1.5%,在以前有中风/TIA的患者中每年高达2.5%。对这一现象提出了几种潜在的解释,包括抗凝治疗的中断、不恰当的抗凝剂量、心房扩大、存在CHA2DS2Vasc评分评估的额外血管危险因素、非阵发性(vs阵发性)房颤以及非心源性(vs心源性)卒中机制。

值得注意的是,改用不同类别的抗凝剂并没有减轻卒中复发的风险,这表明药代动力学和剂量方面的考虑不足以解释持续的风险增加。然而,这些研究并没有调整心房疾病的重要生物标志物,以及预示着高复发风险的竞争性大动脉粥样硬化机制的存在/不存在。

藉此布朗大学的Shadi yaghi等人试图评估中风复发的短期风险,通过考虑心脏生物标志物以及竞争性大动脉粥样硬化中风机制,在一项大型多中心研究中扩展这些发现。

他们主要假设:在缺血性卒中前,无论卒中后的预防管理如何,接受抗凝治疗的房颤患者与未接受抗凝治疗的患者相比,在短期内复发的风险也较高。


他们将美国8个综合卒中中心的急性缺血性卒中和房颤的连续患者纳入了心肌梗塞性卒中后启动抗凝治疗(IAC)研究。通过使用调整后的Cox回归分析比较了开具抗凝药物(ACp)的患者与缺血性卒中前无抗凝治疗的患者,他们的复发缺血事件和延迟sICH风险。

他们发现,在IAC的2084名患者中,有1518人之前有抗凝状态记录,并被随访90天。

在调整后的Cox危险模型中,ACp仅在完全调整后的模型中与一些证据表明90天复发缺血事件的风险较高(调整后的HR为1.50,95%CI为0.99至2.28,P=0.058),但90天sICH的风险没有增加(调整后的HR为1.08,95%CI为0.46至2.51,P=0.862)。

此外,转换抗凝等级与复发性缺血事件风险的降低(调整后的HR为0.41,95%CI为0.12至1.33,p=0.136)或sICH(调整后的HR为1.47,95%CI为0.29至7.50,p=0.641)没有关系。

这个研究的重要意义在在于:与不抗凝的患者相比,抗凝后仍有缺血性卒中的房颤患者可能有更高的复发性缺血事件风险。这表明不同的潜在病理机制需要不同的卒中预防措施,确定这些机制可以改善二级预防策略。

原文出处:
Yaghi S, Henninger N, Giles JA, et al
Ischaemic stroke on anticoagulation therapy and early recurrence in acute cardioembolic stroke: the IAC study
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry Published Online First: 26 April 2021. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2021-326166

 

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    2021-12-01 ms7000001932980833

    学习

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    2021-11-18 天天黑眼圈

    #插入话题# 新冠肺炎

    0

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    2021-07-08 健健

    卒中虽然是临床上常见病,溶栓,取栓等血管内治疗也很成熟,但是仍然有很多未知问题有待认知!

    0

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    2021-07-08 心介

    房颤,临床上碰到很多哦

    0

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    2021-07-08 guging

    中风是俗称,应该称为缺血性卒中吧

    0

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