J clin Invest:鼻腔内流感疫苗在1期研究中激发强烈的免疫反应

2021-02-04 Oranhgy MedSci原创

疫苗是预防和控制传染病及其它疾病最有效的措施之一。

疫苗是预防和控制传染病及其它疾病最有效的措施之一。近20年来,现代分子生物学和免疫学的迅速发展、各种新技术的出现及其应用极大地推动了新型疫苗的研究。既往研究表明,有效的抗原、优良的疫苗载体系统以及佐剂是新型疫苗的三大重要组成成分。因此,近年来研究新型疫苗载体、筛选或优化抗原以获得安全、高效的新型疫苗成为人们关注的热点。 

具有复制能力的重组载体的免疫作用在发炎的情况下可暴露于转基因编码的抗原,与非复制疫苗相比,可驱动更强效和持久的免疫力。为了了解驱动这种反应的复制疫苗的特性,研究人员测试了可复制的、能编码4型腺病毒,该4型腺病毒编码流感病毒H5血凝素(Ad4-H5-Vtn),可通过口服胶囊或扁桃体拭子或鼻喷雾剂给药,旨在激发对血凝素的抗体,血凝素是一种在流感病毒表面发现的、可附着在人体细胞上的蛋白质。

近日,第一阶段研究发表在《临床调查杂志》,实验性的单剂量鼻内流感疫苗在测试时是安全的,并能产生持久的免疫反应。

图片

A replication competent adenovirus-vectored influenza vaccine induces durable systemic and mucosal immunity.DOI: 10.1172/JCI140794

该研究性疫苗由Emergent Biosolutions公司开发。接种对象为18至49岁的健康男性和非怀孕女性,通过鼻腔注射(28名研究参与者)、口服胶囊(10名参与者)和扁桃体拭子(25名参与者)。
与口服疫苗胶囊组相比,鼻腔内或通过扁桃体拭子接种疫苗的参与者的H5特异性中和抗体水平显著升高。接受鼻腔注射疫苗的参与者在2-4周内脱落病毒DNA,但病毒可培养的时间中位数仅为1天。参与者有H5特异性CD4+和CD8+T细胞反应的证据。
 
此外,接种鼻内疫苗的志愿者在接种后26周时,血清中和抗体水平很高,在一次鼻内注射疫苗后的三到五年内,这一水平没有变化。病毒脱落的持续时间与26周时中和抗体反应的高幅度相关。此外,鼻内注射疫苗还诱发了鼻、口腔和直肠的黏膜抗体反应。
研究作者推测,与其他类型的疫苗相比,复制能力强的载体疫苗可能具有优势,因为它们可以以更高的水平和更长的持续时间表达病毒蛋白。此外,这类疫苗还能诱导黏膜免疫反应,这对限制感染黏膜组织的病毒传播至关重要。
作者称,该疫苗平台可高度适应用于对抗其他病毒,包括HIV和SARS-CoV-2。
原文出处:
A replication competent adenovirus-vectored influenza vaccine induces durable systemic and mucosal immunity. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2021; DOI: 10.1172/JCI140794

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    2021-02-08 ms7122239318790137

    病毒感染防不胜防

    0

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    2021-02-06 mnda
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    2021-02-05 ms7000001623538615

    感谢

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2051636, encodeId=31232051636d2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95f8e042dd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#EST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7042, encryptionId=95f8e042dd, topicName=EST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e9a6357, createdName=xiangyuzhou971, createdTime=Tue Apr 06 05:02:19 CST 2021, time=2021-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=923739, encodeId=2ce4923e3915, content=病毒感染防不胜防, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ae6f1876308, createdName=ms7122239318790137, createdTime=Mon Feb 08 18:39:50 CST 2021, time=2021-02-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1280237, encodeId=7e22128023e28, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2bbe289846f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#免疫反应#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28984, encryptionId=2bbe289846f, topicName=免疫反应)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=827b160, createdName=cnxcy, createdTime=Sat Feb 06 07:02:19 CST 2021, time=2021-02-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1465878, encodeId=f93b14658e80e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=736b103508c6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#鼻腔#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=103508, encryptionId=736b103508c6, topicName=鼻腔)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=224e6763385, createdName=mnda, createdTime=Sat Feb 06 07:02:19 CST 2021, time=2021-02-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=922958, encodeId=2ca092295897, content=感谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210220/0e150cf15def40f5aad1e87852fea438/9ce298d8c77b4ed5848862be14da3b50.jpg, createdBy=b1425447761, createdName=ms7000001623538615, createdTime=Fri Feb 05 08:51:40 CST 2021, time=2021-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=922844, encodeId=3e2b92284493, content=很有激进性,感觉可能对部分免疫缺陷的患者造成不良影响, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210226/f23705539a22465dad49b185641246f4/269e005bb68348558ceb01a4a8056073.jpg, createdBy=a54d5390453, createdName=T2DM终结者, createdTime=Thu Feb 04 17:48:33 CST 2021, time=2021-02-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-02-04 T2DM终结者

    很有激进性,感觉可能对部分免疫缺陷的患者造成不良影响

    0

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