JACS:抗癌药物传递系统现“特洛伊木马”!精准高效绝杀肿瘤!

2019-07-23 Ruthy 转化医学网

面对癌症这一世界性难题,人们总是“谈癌色变”。肿瘤细胞与正常细胞相比,具有超高的相似性及其超强的生命力,想要遏制肿瘤的发生发展,就必须提高抗癌药物的特异性、有效性和安全性,因此,为抗癌药物创造高选择性的靶向传递系统成为了制药业和癌症研究者的一大挑战。近日,美国西北大学的研究人员创造了一种以脂质体为主体,人血清白蛋白(HSA)为“引路者”的药物传递系统,成功将抗癌药物准确高效送至癌种病灶,实现了对癌

面对癌症这一世界性难题,人们总是“谈癌色变”。肿瘤细胞与正常细胞相比,具有超高的相似性及其超强的生命力,想要遏制肿瘤的发生发展,就必须提高抗癌药物的特异性、有效性和安全性,因此,为抗癌药物创造高选择性的靶向传递系统成为了制药业和癌症研究者的一大挑战。近日,美国西北大学的研究人员创造了一种以脂质体为主体,人血清白蛋白(HSA)为“引路者”的药物传递系统,成功将抗癌药物准确高效送至癌种病灶,实现了对癌症的绝杀!同时他们还证实了该系统对骨癌、直肠癌胰腺癌皆有效!

抗癌药靶向给药系统——癌症治疗不可或缺的重要组分

抗癌药自然是用来遏制癌症发生发展的,但如何让抗癌药最大程度地发挥作用是肿瘤治疗领域的重要课题。肿瘤的靶向治疗是将治疗作用选择性地集中在肿瘤组织、肿瘤细胞或肿瘤基因,从而降低对正常组织的副作用。

我们知道,只有药物达到病灶部位时其才能发挥疗效,在其他部位,药物不仅不起治疗作用,甚至会产生毒副作用。抗肿瘤靶向给药系统是肿瘤靶向治疗的重要组成部分,把有效抗癌药物专一性或选择性地输送到肿瘤组织,控制特定生理部位的药物剂量,从而降低抗癌药对非靶点部位的副作用和毒性,对癌症的治疗具有重要意义。抗癌药物靶向给药系统的研究已经有几十年的历史,但相应成果却难尽如人意,这是为什么呢?一个合格的药物靶向给药系统,必须同时满足几大要求:准确性、高效性、安全性,如此严苛的要求,如何一一实现呢?

脂质体为主,HSA引路——“特洛伊木马”成为现实,成功绝杀癌症

肿瘤细胞与普通细胞具有相似的以磷脂双层为主的质膜结构,因而容易对脂溶性物质“敞开大门”。据此特性,研究人员设计了一种长链脂肪酸,其两端具有两个结合位点,一端附着于药物上,并将药物包裹,使其呈现出肿瘤细胞更愿意接受的脂性状态,另一端附着于HSA上,由HSA将整个脂质体携带至病灶。癌细胞被药物外层的脂质体所迷惑,将该药物传递系统吸收入细胞内,当该药物传递系统外层脂质体被代谢尽露出抗癌药物后,就可以成功杀死癌细胞。

研究人员发现,该经过表面修饰的脂质体药物递送系统可避免载药颗粒被快速消除,其在体内循环时间延长,使药物在病变组织中的聚集增多,进而提升治疗效果。同时,该药物传递系统在渗透与滞留增强效应的作用下在肿瘤组织中选择性分布,在增加载药脂质体药效的同时全身不良反应的发生率也相应降低。另一方面,HSA可与肿瘤细胞表面特异性抗原/受体结合,发挥主动靶向作用,实现了脂质体的主动靶向性药物递送。

总而言之,该“特洛伊木马”在淋巴系统中具有定向性,对癌细胞的亲和作用可以控制药物在组织中的分布情况,使药物在杀死或抑制癌细胞增值时具有选择性。HSA的准确靶向显着减轻了药物毒副作用。而脂质体作为抗癌药物载体可以改善治疗,减少用药剂量,降低细胞毒性,减轻甚至避免变态和免疫反应,从而减轻病人痛苦。

研究人员使用该药物传递系统成功将紫杉醇输送到小动物模型的肿瘤中,实现了骨癌、直肠癌胰腺癌病灶的完全消除!更令人激动的是,他们发现这些肿瘤病灶中的紫杉醇浓度是普通药物传递系统的20倍!而安全性却提高了17倍!也就是说,该“特洛伊木马”成功实现了准确、高效、安全!

这对癌症治疗领域无疑是一剂强心剂!让药物充分有效安全地发挥作用一直是癌症治疗研究者的心愿,相信只要给予足够的时间与精力,会有更多好消息传来!

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    2020-11-15 lovetcm

    #药物递送#目前仍然处于瓶颈,突破相对较少

    0

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899376, encodeId=49d78993e63d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5fc38e884f8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#药物递送#</a>目前仍然处于瓶颈,突破相对较少, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=87884, encryptionId=5fc38e884f8, topicName=药物递送)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 20:54:38 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2019559, encodeId=2b5220195598b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b66068019c6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#特洛伊木马#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68019, encryptionId=b66068019c6, topicName=特洛伊木马)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/F82CC4A89F97BD21D3DDB7AD5F2AD09D/100, createdBy=52952500022, createdName=ms6829001416292975, createdTime=Sat Sep 28 22:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2032281, encodeId=74fe2032281aa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=08dd8e664ee' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#药物传递#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=87664, encryptionId=08dd8e664ee, topicName=药物传递)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=460849, createdName=ymljack, createdTime=Sat Jul 27 01:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1279321, encodeId=e55012e932180, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=316d1882bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1882, encryptionId=316d1882bc, topicName=ACS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=102a153, createdName=yaanren, createdTime=Thu Jul 25 02:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1308266, encodeId=9d9813082663c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e495554550' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗癌药物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55545, encryptionId=6e495554550, topicName=抗癌药物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=一叶知秋, createdTime=Thu Jul 25 02:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1314860, encodeId=398a1314860ef, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d4b5554131' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗癌药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55541, encryptionId=9d4b5554131, topicName=抗癌药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Thu Jul 25 02:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1403420, encodeId=2eb6140342051, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ebbde6353be' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#精准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76353, encryptionId=ebbde6353be, topicName=精准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83epQX9hfEIBiaPg0e9KvLYVBCSGYydH6K6OQxBh3RaOC0TYP9HYy2v0XdHib1LFnZNU5Siak0P8oh8Aqw/132, createdBy=acd92440184, createdName=shijzhiewnjhch, createdTime=Thu Jul 25 02:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-07-25 yaanren
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  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899376, encodeId=49d78993e63d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5fc38e884f8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#药物递送#</a>目前仍然处于瓶颈,突破相对较少, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=87884, encryptionId=5fc38e884f8, topicName=药物递送)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 20:54:38 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2019559, encodeId=2b5220195598b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b66068019c6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#特洛伊木马#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68019, encryptionId=b66068019c6, topicName=特洛伊木马)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/F82CC4A89F97BD21D3DDB7AD5F2AD09D/100, createdBy=52952500022, createdName=ms6829001416292975, createdTime=Sat Sep 28 22:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2032281, encodeId=74fe2032281aa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=08dd8e664ee' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#药物传递#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=87664, encryptionId=08dd8e664ee, topicName=药物传递)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=460849, createdName=ymljack, createdTime=Sat Jul 27 01:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1279321, encodeId=e55012e932180, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=316d1882bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1882, encryptionId=316d1882bc, topicName=ACS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=102a153, createdName=yaanren, createdTime=Thu Jul 25 02:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1308266, encodeId=9d9813082663c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e495554550' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗癌药物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55545, encryptionId=6e495554550, topicName=抗癌药物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=一叶知秋, createdTime=Thu Jul 25 02:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1314860, encodeId=398a1314860ef, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d4b5554131' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗癌药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55541, encryptionId=9d4b5554131, topicName=抗癌药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Thu Jul 25 02:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1403420, encodeId=2eb6140342051, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ebbde6353be' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#精准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76353, encryptionId=ebbde6353be, topicName=精准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83epQX9hfEIBiaPg0e9KvLYVBCSGYydH6K6OQxBh3RaOC0TYP9HYy2v0XdHib1LFnZNU5Siak0P8oh8Aqw/132, createdBy=acd92440184, createdName=shijzhiewnjhch, createdTime=Thu Jul 25 02:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-07-25 sunylz
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=899376, encodeId=49d78993e63d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5fc38e884f8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#药物递送#</a>目前仍然处于瓶颈,突破相对较少, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=87884, encryptionId=5fc38e884f8, topicName=药物递送)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sun Nov 15 20:54:38 CST 2020, time=2020-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2019559, encodeId=2b5220195598b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b66068019c6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#特洛伊木马#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68019, encryptionId=b66068019c6, topicName=特洛伊木马)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/F82CC4A89F97BD21D3DDB7AD5F2AD09D/100, createdBy=52952500022, createdName=ms6829001416292975, createdTime=Sat Sep 28 22:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2032281, encodeId=74fe2032281aa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=08dd8e664ee' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#药物传递#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=87664, encryptionId=08dd8e664ee, topicName=药物传递)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=460849, createdName=ymljack, createdTime=Sat Jul 27 01:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1279321, encodeId=e55012e932180, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=316d1882bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1882, encryptionId=316d1882bc, topicName=ACS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=102a153, createdName=yaanren, createdTime=Thu Jul 25 02:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1308266, encodeId=9d9813082663c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e495554550' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗癌药物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55545, encryptionId=6e495554550, topicName=抗癌药物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=一叶知秋, createdTime=Thu Jul 25 02:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1314860, encodeId=398a1314860ef, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d4b5554131' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗癌药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55541, encryptionId=9d4b5554131, topicName=抗癌药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Thu Jul 25 02:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1403420, encodeId=2eb6140342051, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ebbde6353be' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#精准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76353, encryptionId=ebbde6353be, topicName=精准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83epQX9hfEIBiaPg0e9KvLYVBCSGYydH6K6OQxBh3RaOC0TYP9HYy2v0XdHib1LFnZNU5Siak0P8oh8Aqw/132, createdBy=acd92440184, createdName=shijzhiewnjhch, createdTime=Thu Jul 25 02:24:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]