AP&T: 反刍综合征和功能性消化不良在普通社区中的患病率和危险因素分析

2021-11-26 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

反刍综合征是指将摄入不久的食物回流到口中,再嚼后咽下或吐出,不费力,不伴有腹不适、烧心或恶心。一般不引起患者反感,甚至伴有满意的体验。

 不光牛羊存在反刍,人也会有反刍行为。但是在人类中这样的现象称为反刍综合征,它是一种功能性胃十二指肠疾病,其特征是摄入的食物不自主地反流,随后被吐出或被重新吞咽。该疾病的病因尚不清楚,根据抽样调查的结果,反刍综合征的全球患病率为 2.8%。最近有研究显示功能性消化不良 (FD) 和反刍综合征的病理生理学可能重叠。因此,本项研究旨在探究反刍综合征和FD之间是否存在内在联系。

 

研究人员在2017-2018年间向美国明尼苏达州奥姆斯特德县的 9835 名居民进行了一份评估胃肠道症状、饮食和心理症状的调查。反刍综合征和FD两种疾病的诊断是通过健康保险库中进行收集的。然后,研究人员通过逻辑回归模型评估了这两种疾病的关联以及与预测因素。

 

初步的研究结果显示反刍综合征和FD的患病率分别为5.8%和7.1%;这种重叠的可能性是普通人群的3.83 倍。易患反刍综合征的独立预测因素是是女性 (OR:1.79, 95%CI:1.21-2.63)、吸烟 (OR:1.89, 95%CI:1.28-2.78)、无麸质饮食 (OR:1.58, 95%CI:1.14-2.19) , 过敏性鼻炎 (OR:1.45, 95%CI:1.01-2.08) 和抑郁症 (OR:1.10, 95%CI:1.05-1.16)。FD 与女性、抑郁、非腹腔小麦敏感性、偏头痛、肠易激综合征和躯体症状独立相关。低脂肪或无奶饮食可以有效减少这两种疾病的发生(P= 0.53 和P= 1.00)。最后研究人员发现与重叠 FD 和反刍综合征最强的独立关联是类风湿性关节炎 (OR:3.93, 95%CI:1.28-12.06) 和哮喘病史 (OR:3.02, 95%CI:1.44-6.34)。

 

本项研究发现反刍综合征与FD具有较高的重叠性,表明其具有共同的病理生理学。另外,研究人员还发现饮食可能有助于减轻反刍综合征与FD的症状,并且可能对这两种疾病都有治疗作用。

原始出处:

Mudar Zand Irani. Et al. Prevalence, symptoms and risk factor profile of rumination syndrome and functional dyspepsia: a population-based study. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics.2021.

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