Cell Death Differ:RPS23RG1在神经退行性疾病中的功能

2020-09-12 QQY MedSci原创

Tau蛋白病变(tauopathy)是一组神经退行性疾病,其特征在于微管结合蛋白tau的过度磷酸化,通常表现为轴突的损伤和突触功能障碍。Cdk5(细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶5)是一种重要的tau激酶,其活

Tau蛋白病变(tauopathy)是一组神经退行性疾病,其特征在于微管结合蛋白tau的过度磷酸化,通常表现为轴突的损伤和突触功能障碍。Cdk5(细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶5)是一种重要的tau激酶,其活性需要p35或p25来调节。P35能够以膜结合形式进行蛋白酶体快速降解,并在压力状态下被钙蛋白酶(calpain)切割成稳定的p25,进而导致Cdk5的异常激活和tau的过度磷酸化。

RPS23RG1是一种Ib型跨膜蛋白,其在中枢神经系统(包括神经元细胞、星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞)中高表达。既往研究发现,在阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)脑组织中RPS23RG1的表达水平降低。然而RPS23RG1在AD和Tau蛋白病变相关疾病中的功能还有待进一步的研究。

该研究发现Rps23rg1基因敲除(KO)小鼠的轴突生长受阻,p35和p25的蛋白表达水平升高,tau蛋白主要的Cdk5磷酸化位点处的磷酸化水平升高。而下调p35的表达和使用Cdk5抑制剂roscovitine均能够降低Rps23rg1 KO小鼠神经元中tau蛋白的磷酸化水平和缓解轴突的生长受阻。

有趣的是,RPS23RG1羧基末端和p35氨基末端之间的相互作用能够促进p35的上膜和蛋白酶体降解作用。此外,P301L tau转基因(Tg)小鼠模型显示,tau的高度磷酸化水平升高,RPS??23RG1的表达水平降低,并伴随着轴突生长受损。过表达RPS23RG1则能够显著减弱P301L tau Tg神经元中tau的过度磷酸化和轴突生长受阻。

综上,该研究结果显示,RPS23RG1在Tau蛋白病变相关疾病具有至关重要的作用,其能够通过介导p35降解和抑制Cdk5激活作用来抑制tau蛋白的过度磷酸化。降低RPS23RG1的水平则会触发Cdk5-p35的异常激活,并伴随tau的过度磷酸化和轴突生长的受阻,说明RPS23RG1可能是tauopathy疾病的一个潜在的治疗靶标。


原始出处:

Zhao, D., Zhou, Y., Huo, Y. et al. RPS23RG1 modulates tau phosphorylation and axon outgrowth through regulating p35 proteasomal degradation. Cell Death Differ (09 September 2020).

 

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    2021-06-23 isabellayj
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    2021-08-11 爆笑小医
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    2020-09-13 cy0328

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