Hepatology:肝硬化消退与非酒精性脂肪性肝炎患者临床结局改善相关

2021-11-29 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

肝硬化是临床常见的慢性进行性肝病,由一种或多种病因长期或反复作用形成的弥漫性肝损害。在我国大多数为肝炎后肝硬化,少部分为酒精性肝硬化和血吸虫性肝硬化。

肝硬化是与肝细胞损伤相关的慢性肝病的终末期阶段,组织学上主要表现为以纤维化隔膜包围的弥漫性结节再生。由此产生的结构变形会导致门脉高压,伴随肝合成功能障碍和肝细胞癌 (HCC),这部分病变占肝硬化并发症的大部分原因。随着时间的推移,大约 10% 到 20% 的非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)患者会发展为肝硬化。在美国,代偿性NASH肝硬化的患病率预计将从2015年的120万增加到2030年的310万,失代偿期肝硬化、肝移植、HCC 和肝脏相关死亡预计将分别上升 168%、59%、137% 和 178%。通过有效的治疗使肝硬化消退可以使多种疾病的结果得到改善(包括慢性乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎病毒感染和自身免疫性肝炎)。NASH患者的肝硬化消退的临床益处有没有得到充分研究。因此,本项研究旨在评估组织学变化和非侵入性纤维化检查 (NIT) 与 NASH 肝硬化患者肝脏相关并发症之间的关联。

 

研究人员收集了因NASH引起的代偿性肝硬化患者,通过 NASH CRN 和 Ishak 分类和机器学习 (ML) 方法对患者在基线和第 48 周 (W48) 的肝纤维化进行分期,患者的肝胶原和 α-SMA 表达通过形态测定法量化测量,肝脏硬度 (LS) 通过瞬时弹性成像测量,并计算血清 NIT评分(ELF、NAFLD 纤维化评分 [NFS] 和 FIB-4)。Cox 回归确定了基线时的这些参数与其随时间的变化与判定的肝脏相关临床事件之间的关联。

 

研究结果显示在1135名患者中,709 名 (62%) 患有6期纤维化,中位 ELF 和 LS 分别为 10.66 和 21.1 kPa。在16.6个月的中位随访期间,71人 (6.3%) 发生了肝脏相关的死亡事件;相关的基线因素包括晚期纤维化和更高的肝胶原蛋白、α-SMA 表达。在基线和第48周之间观察到16% (176/1135) 的肝硬化消退与较低的事件风险与非消退相关(1.1% [2/176] VS 7.2% [69/957];HR:0.16;95%CI 0.04,0.65 [p=0.0104])。相反,在调整基线值后,肝胶原、α-SMA、基于机器学习(ML)的纤维化参数、NFS 和 LS 的增加与事件风险增加相关。

 

本项研究证实在NASH引起的代偿性肝硬化患者中,纤维化的消退与肝脏相关并发症的减少有关。这些数据支持组织学纤维化消退和NIT作为NASH 肝硬化临床试验终点的效用。

原始出处:

Arun J. Sanyal. Et al. Cirrhosis Regression is Associated with Improved Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Hepatology.2021.

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    2022-07-15 qjddjq
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    2021-12-01 gwc384

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