J Infect Dis:新冠病毒特异性T细胞在感染后12个月后仍然具有较高的表达

2021-10-24 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

新冠病毒引起的新冠肺炎是一种病毒性感染,细胞免疫在抵御疾病进展中发挥着重要作用,因此,鉴别并扩增对SARS-CoV-2特异性的细胞免疫反应很重要。

       新冠病毒引起的新冠肺炎是一种病毒性感染,细胞免疫在抵御疾病进展中发挥着重要作用,因此,鉴别并扩增对SARS-CoV-2特异性的细胞免疫反应,是增强改善新冠患者的临床结果的关键。先前的研究表明,感染新冠病毒10个月后,外周血中仍然存在SARS-CoV-2 特异性T细胞。淋巴细胞(T lymphocyte)简称T细胞,是由来源于骨髓的淋巴干细胞,在胸腺中分化、发育成熟后,通过淋巴和血液循环而分布到全身的免疫器官和组织中发挥免疫功能。本项研究旨在进一步分析自然感染后更长一段时间内、更广泛的年龄和疾病表型的细胞反应的功能、持久性和多样性,以进一步确定预防和治疗干预措施。

 

      研究人员收集了SARS-CoV-2感染后12个月内的前瞻性队列研究的中患者,这些患者代表了一系列疾病严重程度的不同表型。然后使用细胞内细胞因子染色和光谱流式细胞术研究了 SARS-CoV-2 特异性T细胞的功能、表型和占比。同时,比较了 SARS-CoV-2 特异性抗体的强度。

 

       研究结果显示在感染后12个月仍然检测到 SARS-CoV-2 特异性抗体和特异性T细胞。急性疾病的严重程度与12个月时较高频率的 SARS-CoV-2 特异性 CD4T阳性细胞和抗体有关。相比之下,在疾病严重程度较高的患者中发现了跟读对 SARS-CoV-2 有反应的多功能和细胞毒性T细胞。

 

       本项研究证实SARS-CoV-2感染会在感染后12个月仍然可以诱导出可检测到的多功能记忆 T细胞,这样的现象在最初患有严重疾病的人中出现频率更高。

 

 

原始出处:

Zhongyan Lu. Et al. Durability of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses at 12-months post-infection.The Journal of Infectious Diseases.2021.

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