JCEM:雌激素和胰岛素对健康青年男性发散性和聚集性认知功能的有益作用

2021-10-14 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

背景:关于雌激素和胰岛素对男性个体认知影响的系统研究很少,尚不清楚这两种激素是否通过相互作用有益于人类的特定认知功能。

背景:关于雌激素和胰岛素对男性个体认知影响的系统研究很少,尚不清楚这两种激素是否通过相互作用有益于人类的特定认知功能。

目的:探讨雌二醇和胰岛素联合用药对健康青年男性发散性(创造性)和会聚性(算术)思维以及短期和工作性语言记忆的急性影响

方法:方按2×2设计,两组(每组n=16)分别接受雌二醇(100µg/24h)或安慰剂3d透皮预处理,并在两个不同的早晨分别滴入160IU常规人胰岛素和安慰剂,然后完成一系列认知测试,并测定相关的血液参数。

结果:与安慰剂治疗相比,雌激素治疗诱导血清雌二醇增加3.5倍,并抑制血清睾酮浓度70%。与安慰剂相比,雌激素改善了创造性表现,即语言流畅性和灵活性,但不能改善算术思维,也能改善语言短期记忆,但不能改善视觉空间记忆。雌激素和胰岛素的联合使用提高了延迟言语记忆记忆的识别辨别能力,单独使用胰岛素没有效果。

图1 实验流程。两组共16名健康男性,分别接受雌二醇透皮吸收(100µg/24小时,连续3天)或安慰剂治疗,共2个实验阶段。在大约60分钟的基线时间后,他们在上午9点接受160IU胰岛素或安慰剂的鼻腔注射,然后进行一系列认知测试(VLMT,言语学习和记忆测试);其间提供自助早餐。反复评估情绪,并获取用于测定葡萄糖和激素浓度的血样(注射器符号)。两次测量心率(HR)和血压(BP)。

图2 内分泌参数。(A)17β-雌二醇,(B)睾酮,(C)促黄体生成素(LH)和促卵泡刺激素(FSH)浓度,(D)血糖浓度和(E)胰岛素浓度。实验在两组男性中进行,每组16人,他们在参加实验之前接受了3天的经皮雌二醇(100µg/24小时;方块)或安慰剂预处理(圆圈),从基线测量开始,然后在上午9:00分别鼻腔喷洒160IU胰岛素(填充符号,实线)或安慰剂(空符号,虚线)(箭头标记)。LH和FSH代表上午8:15和8:45基线测量的平均值。取值为Means±SEM。方差分析因子组(C组)和处理组(D)分别为*P<0.001,**P<0.01。

图3 认知参数。(A)发散思维(6个测试的平均分),(B)聚合思维(4个问题的总分),(C)第一次言语学习和记忆测验(VLMT)的即时回忆,(D)VLMT中的再认辨别能力,反映对先前编码的单词(减去虚假警报)的再认,以及(E)视觉空间记忆。实验在两组男性中进行,每组16人,他们在参加实验之前接受了3天的透皮雌二醇(100微克/24小时;孵化条)或安慰剂预处理(未孵化条),从基线测量开始,然后分别鼻腔喷洒160IU胰岛素(黑条)和安慰剂(白条)。取值为Means±SEM。方差分析因素组(A、C组)和处理组(D)的t P<0.10,*P<0.0 5。

表1 发散思维测试的结果

表2 短时记忆和再认知测验(VLMT)结果

表3 工作记忆测试结果(数字广度)

结论:雌激素特异性地增强年轻男性个体创造力和言语记忆的核心方面,联合使用雌二醇和胰岛素有助于延迟识别记忆。我们的结果表明,胰岛素对年轻人的急性认知影响是有限的,而且不会被雌二醇明显增强。雌二醇本身对健康的年轻男性的创造性和言语表现有很大的促进作用。

原文出处:

Krug R,  Beier L,  Lämmerhofer M,et al,Distinct and convergent beneficial effects of estrogen and insulin on cognitive function in healthy young men.J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021 Sep 17

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