JCI Insight:枯草杆菌前蛋白转换酶9(PCSK9)是银屑病的新的易感基因

2022-08-16 医路坦克 MedSci原创

全基因组关联研究(GWAS)已经确定了60多个银屑病易感基因,最近低密度脂蛋白受体(LDLR)的翻译后调节因子PCSK9的表达被证明在银屑病的动物模型以及银屑病患者的血清和皮肤中发生了变化。

在过去的十年中,全基因组关联研究(GWAS)已经确定了60多个银屑病易感基因。然而,银屑病的遗传率估计为80%,因此关联研究可能只捕捉到这种遗传率的一小部分。相反,在银屑病患者的皮肤中有数千个差异表达基因(Deg),但只有一小部分与银屑病的病理生理有关。绝大多数DEGS在银屑病中仍未被研究。其中几种未被探索的银屑病药物正被积极用作其他疾病的治疗靶点,这使得具有潜在疗效的随时可以给药的药物清单变得宽泛。因此,增加我们对银屑病遗传易感性的了解可能会确定更多的治疗靶点。

最近,低密度脂蛋白受体(LDLR)的翻译后调节因子PCSK9的表达被证明在银屑病的动物模型以及银屑病患者的血清和皮肤中发生了变化。此外,PCSK9抑制剂evocumab被批准用于治疗高胆固醇血症,与包括银屑病在内的各种炎症性皮肤疾病的发展有关。研究还证明了PCSK9在调节巨噬细胞的凋亡和促炎细胞因子分泌方面的作用。虽然PCSK9单核苷酸多态(SNPs)(例如rs662145 C>T)与心血管疾病和AD有关,但它们与银屑病的关联仍不清楚。同样,PCSK9在健康人和银屑病患者角质形成细胞中的表达模式和作用也未被研究。

在这里,我们探索PCSK9作为一个新的银屑病易感基因。我们发现PCSK9基因3‘非翻译区的SNP(rs662145 C>T)易患银屑病,这一发现在独立获得的银屑病RNA-seq和基因组数据集中得到了验证。利用单细胞RNA测序(scRNA-seq),角质形成细胞是皮肤中PCSK9的主要细胞来源。对原代培养角质形成细胞中PCSK9的分析表明,PSCK9与IL36G和IL36B呈显著负相关,免疫组织化学数据进一步支持了这种关系。具体地说,PCSK9在基底层和早期棘层角质形成细胞中表达最高,在颗粒层角质形成细胞中表达最低。相反,IL-36的梯度相反,它主要在颗粒层角质形成细胞中表达。永生化角质形成细胞中PCSK9 siRNA的下调证实了PCSK9和IL36之间的反向关系。

PCSK9的表达与银屑病的炎症介质聚集。(A)利用一种非线性降维策略--t分布随机邻近嵌入法(t-SNE)构建了角质形成细胞转录组的二维图谱。每个点代表一个基因,而点之间的距离与基因相互关联的程度成反比。在这张图中,PCSK9与各种感兴趣的基因聚集在一起,如图右侧所示。(B)PCSK9共表达网络,每个圆圈代表一个不同的基因,连接每个圆圈的线代表每个相关性的强度(线的粗细)和方向(红色=正,蓝色=负)。

PCSK9的表达与银屑病的炎症介质直接相关。

(A)显示培养角质形成细胞中PCSK9与IL1RL1、IL27RA、ISG20、STX3和STX11相关的单个散点图。在这些图中,每个点代表一个体外培养的角质形成细胞系,在不同的培养条件下(对照组、IL-4、IL-13、IL-17A、干扰素-a、干扰素-g、肿瘤坏死因子-a、IL-4和IL-13、IL-17A和干扰素-g、IL-17A和肿瘤坏死因子-a)。PCSK9的表达显示在X轴上,每个曲线图在Y轴上描绘了不同的基因。(B)显示培养角质形成细胞中感兴趣基因表达的盒和须图显示参考(REF)等位基因或rs662145 C>T变异的PCSK9等位基因(杂合=HET,纯合=Homo)。用DESeq2软件计算差异基因表达。(C)显示角质形成细胞系中PCSK9的体外siRNA敲除对感兴趣基因表达的影响的盒图。每个点代表一个独立培养和独立转染的HaCaT角质形成细胞系(n=3)。Y轴表示log2转换后的归一化读数,X轴表示对照角质形成细胞系与PCSK9基因敲除细胞系的比较,p值通过学生t检验计算。

我们发现,与杂合子相比,PCSK9(rs662145 C>T)纯合子个体的IL36表达增加。总而言之,这些结果将PCSK9与银屑病和人类皮肤中炎性细胞因子的产生联系起来。

总之,这些结果支持PCSK9是一个新的银屑病易感基因,并建立了PCSK9和炎性细胞因子表达之间的假设联系。

文献来源:Merleev A,  Ji-Xu A,  Toussi A,Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a psoriasis susceptibility locus that is negatively related to IL36G.JCI Insight 2022 Jul 21;

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    2023-04-18 Tamikia
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    2023-01-06 FukaiBao
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    2022-08-16 138cfedfm56暂无昵称

    学习了

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全基因组关联分析(GW AS)已被应用于许多复杂疾病的研究,并成功地发现了数千个与疾病相关的易感基因。然而,银屑病易感基因的大规模多平台GWMA在中国人群中很少见。

Science Advances :Edwin Wang/崔庆华/李坚强等团队发现人类癌症遗传密码

根据最新的统计,每个人一生中罹患癌症的概率高于1/3,即平均每个家庭都会出现至少一个癌症患者。为了寻找癌症的成因,过去几十年科学家试图发现更多的癌症易感基因。

ARD:辅助素(Auxilin)是一种新型的先天性心脏传导阻滞易感基因,直接影响胎儿心脏功能

该研究将辅助素确定为新生儿红斑狼疮调节心脏功能的第一个遗传易感因子,为开发先天性心脏传导阻滞筛查和治疗策略开辟了新途径。