Radiology:对于非小细胞肺癌患者来说,仅行CT检查还远远不够

2021-07-21 shaosai MedSci原创

非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)脑转移的总患病率在最初就诊时约为10%-20%,在整个就医过程中高达40%,且预后较差,总生存率约为3-6个月。

非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)脑转移的总患病率在最初就诊时约为10%-20%,在整个就医过程中高达40%,且预后较差,总生存率约为3-6个月。因此,脑转移瘤的早期发现及诊断对患者治疗方案的选择及预后至关重要。此外,分子医学领域的进展使表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)基因突变和间变性淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)基因重排被确定为NSCLC脑转移的重要危险因素和预后指标。

现有指南对I期和II期NSCLC进行脑MRI分期的建议并不一致。美国癌症联合委员会(AJCC)第八版癌症分期指南建议仅对III期和IV期NSCLC进行脑MRI分期的初步评估。国家综合癌症网络指南推荐II-IV期NSCLC的初步评估中进行脑MRI分期,同时也作为IB期NSCLC的一种选择。此外,先前的多项报道对早期NSCLC患者的脑转移的发病率也提供了相互矛盾的结果。从指南的不一致和临床实践的差异可以看出,对于早期NSCLC初诊时行脑MRI分期的指征尚缺乏有力的证据和相关的研究。

近日,发表在Radiology杂志的一项研究探讨了脑MRI分期对NSCLC患者早期诊断的价值,为临床进一步优化NSCLC患者的就诊及治疗流程提供了有价值参考依据。

本项研究纳入了2017年11月至2018年10月期间接受胸部CT和脑MRI分期的新确诊的NSCLC患者。诊断率定义为所有患者中脑转移患者的比例。根据美国癌症分期联合委员会指南第八版及胸部CT分期和伴有EGFR基因突变和ALK基因重排的腺癌,诊断为脑转移的患者被划分为临床分期组。根据细胞类型和分子标记进行亚组分析。使用χ2检验比较诊断效果,并使用Bonferroni校正说明分期组间的多重检验。

本研究共纳入1712例患者(平均年龄64岁±10[标准差];1035名男性)。初诊NSCLC的脑MRI分期诊断率为11.9% (203/1712;95%置信区间[CI]: 10.4%,13.5%)。在IA、IB和II期的临床诊断率分别为0.3%(2/615;95% CI: 0.0%,1.2%)、3.8% (7/186;95%CI:1.5%,7.6%)和4.7% (8/171;95%CI:2.0%、9.0%)。腺癌的诊断率(13.6%;176/1297;95%CI:11.8%,15.6%)高于鳞状细胞癌(5.9%;21/354;95% CI: 3.7%,8.9%),EGFR突变阳性腺癌患者的诊断率(17.5%;85的487;95% CI: 14.2%, 21.1%)高于EGFR突变阴性腺癌患者(10.6%;68的639;95%CI:8.4%,13.3%)(P均< .001)。

表 按临床分期组的脑MRI分期诊断率和假转诊率。

图 60岁女性,临床分期为IB组,表皮生长因子受体突变阳性伴脑转移。(a, b)胸部CT强化图像显示左肺上叶直径为3.2 cm的肿块(箭头)(a);在(b)冠状位重建图像上没有淋巴结或远处转移的证据。(c, d)脑MRI分期显示左小脑半球直径为3.4 cm的明显不均质肿块(箭头)伴病灶周围水肿。手术切除左小脑肿块,病理证实为肺源性转移腺癌。

综上所述,脑MRI分期对非小细胞肺癌患者临床分期的诊断率较低。临床IB期或表皮生长因子受体突变阳性的肺腺癌患者应考虑行脑MRI分期检查。本研究为早期非小细胞肺癌的脑MRI分期的进一步前瞻性研究提供了理论支持并开辟了道路。

原文出处:

Minjae Kim,Chong Hyun Suh,Sang Min Lee,et al.Diagnostic Yield of Staging Brain MRI in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.DOI:10.1148/radiol.2020201194

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    2021-07-23 仁医06
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    2021-07-21 星痕

    学习了

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