JCI:尿液DNA甲基化测定可对膀胱癌进行早期检测和复发预测

2021-01-12 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

膀胱癌(BCa)是泌尿系统最常见的恶性肿瘤,全世界每年估计约有549,393例新发病例和约199,922例死亡病例。

      膀胱癌(BCa)是泌尿系统最常见的恶性肿瘤,全世界每年估计约有549,393例新发病例和约199,922例死亡病例。约有75%的患者患的是非肌肉浸润性膀胱癌(NMIBC),其中70%的肿瘤会复发,因此,诊断为NMIBC的患者需接受更频繁的治疗和监测。目前用于监控BCa复发的金标准是膀胱镜检查和细胞学检查,但具有侵入性,成本高,而尿液细胞学检查具有高度特异性,但缺乏敏感性(25%–35%)。荧光原位杂交(FISH)的灵敏度较高,为60%–80%,广泛用于常规的BCa临床检测,但对低度或小肿瘤的敏感性较低。DNA甲基化是基因表达的重要表观遗传调控因子,表达异常通常会导致基因表达缺陷,在许多肿瘤中,抑癌基因甲基化的增加是早期事件之一。本项研究旨在开展一种检测尿液中甲基化的方法用于检测和监视膀胱癌(BCa)的发展。

 

 

      这种方法称为utMeMA,通过MassARRAY检测多个基因组区域的尿液肿瘤DNA甲基化程度。研究人员通过对广东中山纪念医院数据库,癌症基因组图谱(TCGA)和基因表达综合(GEO)数据库的队列进行综合分析,确定了BCa特异性甲基化标记。BCa诊断模型建立在回顾性队列中(n = 313),并在多中心,前瞻性队列(n = 175)中进行了验证。分析了该诊断测定的性能,并将其与尿液细胞学和FISH进行了比较。

 

 

      研究人员首先发现了BCa的26个重要的甲基化基因标记,并建立并验证了基于2标记的诊断模型,该模型能够以较高的准确度(86.7%),敏感性(90.0%)和特异性(83.1%)区分BCA患者与健康患者。此外,基于utMeMA的检测相对于尿液细胞学和FISH的灵敏度有了很大提高,尤其是在早期阶段的检测率(分别为64.5%和11.8%,15.8%),极小肿瘤的检测率(81.0 %vs. 14.8%,37.9%),以及残留肿瘤的检测率(93.3%vs. 27.3%,64.3%)和复发性肿瘤的预测率(89.5%vs. 31.4%,52.8%)都明显更优。该测定法能够更好地与肿瘤恶性肿瘤鉴别。

 

 

      本项研究证实尿液中肿瘤DNA甲基化可以用于评估BCa的早期诊断,残留肿瘤检测和监视肿瘤复发的一种快速,高通量,无创的方法,可减轻膀胱镜检查的负担。

 

 

 

原始出处:

Xu Chen. Et al. Urine DNA methylation assay enables early detection and recurrence monitoring for bladder cancer.  Journal of Clincal Investigation.2021.

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    2021-04-20 丁鹏鹏
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    2021-01-12 留走人康

    膀胱癌真怪,明明是免疫敏感性肿瘤,为什么PD-1治疗效果不好呢?难道靶点不对?将来CD47会不会有效

    0

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    2021-01-12 ms2000001051330459

    学习了,涨知识了!

    0

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