JAMA Psychiatry:科学家发现精神分裂相关基因位点

2019-02-12 黄辛 中国科学报

复旦大学类脑智能科学与技术研究院冯建峰团队对来自英美等6个国家、20余所研究机构超过1万例影像遗传学数据进行计算分析,通过全脑全基因组范围的“广泛搜索”,发现与青春期大脑壳核体积相关的基因位点同时也是精神分裂症的风险位点。该成果近日发表于《美国医学会杂志—精神病学卷》。

复旦大学类脑智能科学与技术研究院冯建峰团队对来自英美等6个国家、20余所研究机构超过1万例影像遗传学数据进行计算分析,通过全脑全基因组范围的“广泛搜索”,发现与青春期大脑壳核体积相关的基因位点同时也是精神分裂症的风险位点。该成果近日发表于《美国医学会杂志—精神病学卷》。

“这项研究证明青春期大脑壳核体积异常和精神分裂症致病风险高度相关。”冯建峰表示,该发现有望帮助科学家揭示精神分裂症发病机制,为临床症状出现之前的超前干预研究提供新思路。

精神疾病防治是当今世界各国面临的共同难题。据报道,在中国,精神疾病已超过心脑血管疾病和恶性肿瘤,成为医疗体系的最大负担。

“大脑在不同年龄受不同遗传信息影响,此前的研究未严格控制这一混杂因素,导致重要的遗传信号被‘淹没’。”论文第一作者、复旦大学类脑智能科学与技术研究院副研究员罗强告诉《中国科学报》,研究团队选取了14岁健康青少年脑结构影像数据,同时突破了传统的解剖学脑区划分限制,在全脑全基因组范围内开展无偏的探索性研究,首次找到了青少年大脑结构与基因位点之间最为显著的关联关系。同时针对该结果,研究人员进一步开展了孟德尔随机化分析,发现了一条基因—大脑—精神分裂症的新通路。

“这项研究的突破主要基于对来自全球范围的多中心影像遗传学数据进行计算分析,这些全维度标准化大数据的获取,得益于多年来我们在全世界范围内深入开展的国际合作研究。”冯建峰说。

原始出处:

Qiang Luo, Qiang Chen, Wenjia Wang, et.al. Association of a Schizophrenia-Risk Nonsynonymous Variant With Putamen Volume in Adolescents A Voxelwise and Genome-Wide Association Study, JAMA Psychiatry. Published online January 16, 2019. 

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精神分裂症是精神疾病中最严重的一种,发病机制由遗传因素和环境因素共同构成。复杂的致病机制使得长期以来对精神分裂症遗传机制的研究没有显著进展。近期来自青岛大学,上海交通大学等处的研究人员发现30个最新的精神分裂症易感位点,这将对精神分裂症致病机制的后续研究、个性化诊疗等方面产生重要的影响。

这一研究成果公布在10月9日的Nature Genetics杂志上,文章的通讯作者为青岛大学附属医院,上海交通大学***特聘教授师咏勇。师咏勇长期从事疾病、行为等人类复杂性状的遗传学研究工作,在人类复杂性状遗传学研究工具和方法的开发、复杂疾病遗传机制研究等方向取得了不少学术成绩。

精神

Nat Neurosc:中外合作研究揭示精神疾病发生调控机制

近日,中国科学院动物研究所、美国埃默里大学医学院、中国科学院干细胞与再生医学创新研究院、中国科学院大学、美国圣裘德儿童研究医院,东南大学等机构合作,首次提供了miR-137缺失导致精神疾病的在体实验证据,进一步揭示miR-137缺失类的精神疾病的分子调控机制。