Cell Rep:这种降压药竟可提高二甲双胍抗癌疗效!

2018-12-14 佚名 转化医学网

诞生于60年前的口服降糖药二甲双胍近十年来再次“枯木逢春”,其用途已然扩展到其它各个医学领域,妇产科(多囊卵巢综合症,PCOS)、消化科(非酒精性脂肪肝)、传染科(HIV相关代谢性疾病)、老年科(抗衰老)、心内科(心血管获益)等等,而最新的研究表明,二甲双胍联合降压药能阻止癌症生长!该研究以“Dual Inhibition of the Lactate Transporters MCT1 and

诞生于60年前的口服降糖药二甲双胍近十年来再次“枯木逢春”,其用途已然扩展到其它各个医学领域,妇产科(多囊卵巢综合症,PCOS)、消化科(非酒精性脂肪肝)、传染科(HIV相关代谢性疾病)、老年科(抗衰老)、心内科(血管获益)等等,而最新的研究表明,二甲双胍联合降压药能阻止癌症生长!该研究以“Dual Inhibition of the Lactate Transporters MCT1 and MCT4 Is Synthetic Lethal with Metformin due to NAD+ Depletion in Cancer Cells”发表在顶级期刊《Cell Reports》杂志上。

其实,针对二甲双胍抗癌的研究只是近期才被炒热的,但关于它的研究已经有几十年的历史了:1971年:前苏联学者Dilman最早推断双胍类药物可能是一种抗衰老及抗癌药物,并展开一系列动物研究。2005年又成为一个转折点,二甲双胍正式成为主角。英国Evans在一项大型病例对照研究中首次发现二甲双胍可以降低乳腺癌风险后,对该问题的研究呈现“井喷”态势,目前仍在持续发酵。

2017年1月的一项研究中,来自匹兹堡大学的科学家们发现,二甲双胍能够改善免疫疗法。用二甲双胍治疗小鼠肿瘤模型能够导致PD-1阻断介导的免疫疗法响应增强。

值得注意的是,尽管这些研究描绘了二甲双胍可能成为潜在抗癌药的“美好前景”,但也有很多临床研究表明,二甲双胍对癌症的影响很小,甚至没有影响。2009年发表的一项研究解释了这种差异。文章称,目前关于二甲双胍的细胞或小鼠试验,其能够达到抗癌活性的二甲双胍浓度远远超过人们服用的二甲双胍浓度。虽然更高浓度可能有更强效果,但可能导致不可接受的不良反应。

那如何提高二甲双胍在体内的安全剂量呢?Hall教授所在的Biozentrum大学的研究小组领导的研究打破了目前的困局,他们发现:抗高血压药物syrosingopine可提高二甲双胍的抗癌疗效,这一重大发现给Hall教授团队带来了希望,接下来,他们对其中的机制进行了进一步的探索。

他们在Biozentrum和巴西利亚制药国际有限公司联合进行研究,最终发现:这两种药物的结合阻止了能源生产的关键步骤,从而导致能源短缺,最终导致癌细胞“自杀”。

癌细胞由于其代谢需求的增加和快速的生长而具有很高的能量需求。满足这一需求的一个限制因素便是NAD+分子,它是将营养转化为能量的关键。为了保持能源机械的运转,NAD+必须不断地从NADH生成。

许多肿瘤细胞通过糖酵解进行代谢,通过葡萄糖分解为乳酸而产生能量。但乳酸的积累导致糖酵解途径的阻断,基于此,癌细胞便通过特殊转运体将乳酸从细胞中排出。有趣的是,降血压药物syrosingopine恰巧能利用以上机制,有效地阻断两种最重要的乳酸转运体,从而抑制乳酸的出口,在细胞内形成高浓度乳酸,最终可防止NADH被回收到NAD+。

糖尿病药物二甲双胍可阻断第二个细胞途径的NAD+再生,联合二甲双胍-酪氨酸治疗导致肿瘤细胞完全丧失产生NAD+的循环能力。癌细胞就像断了粮一样,最终便会被活活饿死。因此,用硫代脯氨酸或其他类似作用的药物抑制乳酸转运体的药理作用可以提高二甲双胍的抗癌效果,这为癌症治疗开辟了又一广泛前景!

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    2018-12-14 维他命
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    2018-12-16 kafei

    了解一下谢谢

    0

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    2018-12-14 内科新手

    谢谢梅斯提供这么好的信息,学到很多

    0

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中心点:在小鼠中,Cfz可通过增强PP2A活性降低左心室功能,并抑制AMPKα/自噬调控轴。二甲双胍可通过恢复AMPKα激活保护小鼠的左心室功能,因此,其或可作为预防用药。摘要:卡非佐米(Carfilzomib,Cfz)是一种不可逆蛋白酶体抑制剂,已被批准用于复发性/难治性骨髓瘤,但具有一定心脏毒性。Panagiotis Efentakis等人尝试建立Cfz诱导心功能障碍的最佳方案,用以研究潜在的

Diabetologia:英国全国范围治疗变化前瞻性MODY研究:遗传亚型和临床特征预测停用胰岛素和二甲双胍后的更佳血糖控制

在基因诊断MODY后,治疗策略经常变化,但目前对预测未来治疗成功的因素知之甚少。在此,研究人员进行了第一次的前瞻性研究,以确定英国经GCK -,HNF1A -或HNF4A-基因诊断MODY的影响,并确定在推荐的2年治疗后,临床特征是否可预测治疗成功(即糖化血红蛋白1C ≤58毫摩尔/摩尔[≤ 7.5%])。 在基因诊断后,共有58名个体中的44名(75.9%)改