eLife:血管生长是脂肪组织健康的关键

2019-01-09 小通 生物通

由约克大学健康学院领导的新研究显示,抑制血管中的一种蛋白质会刺激新血管生长,使脂肪组织和血糖水平更健康。这些发现提供了改善血管生长以及减轻肥胖引起的严重健康问题(如糖尿病)的关键机制。

由约克大学健康学院领导的新研究显示,抑制血管中的一种蛋白质会刺激新血管生长,使脂肪组织和血糖水平更健康。这些发现提供了改善血管生长以及减轻肥胖引起的严重健康问题(如糖尿病)的关键机制。

约克大学运动与健康科学学院教授Tara Haas和他的团队,文章第一作者、Haas实验室的博士后Martina Rudnicki研究了血管生成(angiogenesis)过程。血管生成是指毛细血管形成。它有助于组织维持健康功能,特别是当组织扩大时。

然而,当组织由于储存过量的脂肪而膨胀时,血管生成受到抑制,新的毛细血管无法生长。这会导致不健康的脂肪组织,从而增加患糖尿病心血管疾病的风险。

“目前还不清楚为什么新的毛细血管在肥胖症中不能形成,”Haas说。

先前Haas领导的一些研究发现,在肥胖症中,内皮细胞FOXO1水平升高,而内皮细胞是构成毛细血管的主要细胞。“我们所知道的是,一种叫做FOXO1的蛋白质存在于血管内部细胞中,它可以阻止新毛细血管形成。FOXO1控制细胞如何消耗能量,并迫使细胞进入休眠状态。肥胖时毛细血管内皮细胞FOXO1水平升高。因此,FOXO1可能阻止了肥胖个体脂肪组织的新血管的生长,”Haas说。

该研究发表在eLife杂志上,研究团队包括约克大学教授Emilie Roudier、Rolando Ceddia和Christopher Perry,他们共同参与了抑制FOXO1蛋白是否能促进脂肪血管生成研究。

首先,他们抑制FOXO1蛋白产生,并监测毛细血管内皮细胞的行为以及这些变化对脂肪组织扩张的影响。该研究发现,降低FOXO1水平可以促进血管生成,并导致更健康的脂肪组织,尤其是在高脂饮食时。较低的内皮细胞FOXO1水平也导致葡萄糖利用增加,体重增加较少,尽管饮食中脂肪含量高。

“虽然我们预期改善脂肪组织的血管生成将使脂肪组织更健康,但我们惊讶于改变内皮细胞中特定蛋白FOXO1的水平对全身葡萄糖水平和体重增加产生如此广泛的影响。这促使我们提出了一个新概念,即内皮细胞的活性可以改变全身能量平衡,”Haas说。

Haas说,该研究显示,去除FOXO1使内皮细胞“高度活跃”,这使得在脂肪组织中形成许多新的血管。同时,这些血管消耗了大量的能量,这实际上可以减轻伴随肥胖的常见健康问题,例如高血糖和血液循环脂肪堆积,它们是糖尿病心血管疾病的危险因素。

Haas说,需要更多的努力来研究针对这些细胞过程的最佳方法,以获得积极的健康结果。

原始出处:Rudnicki M1, Abdifarkosh G1, Nwadozi E1, et al. Endothelial-specific FoxO1 depletion prevents obesity-related disorders by increasing vascular metabolism and growth. Elife. 2018 Dec 4;7. pii: e39780.

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    2019-05-01 膀胱癌
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    2019-03-14 clmlylxy
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    2019-01-09 医者仁心5538

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