脑回状先天性痣1 例临床病理分析

2019-11-15 胡生宝 李洁 郭冬黎 中国皮肤性病学杂志

患者女, 36 岁,发现左上腹赘生物36 年,随生 长慢慢长大,近2 个月来肿物增大明显,并伴有黏液 渗出,遂前来就诊,无其他不适。体检: 心、肺、神经 系统未见异常。皮肤科情况: 左上腹可见一灰白色 大小约3 cm ×3 cm ×2 cm 赘生物,蒂长约 1 cm,直 径0. 5 cm,包块表面呈脑回状,质中( 图1) 。门诊予 以手术切除,切除组织病理检查,巨检示: 灰白色皮 肤腹赘生物一块,

1 临床资料

患者女, 36 岁,发现左上腹赘生物36 年,随生 长慢慢长大,近2 个月来肿物增大明显,并伴有黏液 渗出,遂前来就诊,无其他不适。体检: 心、肺、神经 系统未见异常。皮肤科情况: 左上腹可见一灰白色 大小约3 cm ×3 cm ×2 cm 赘生物,蒂长约 1 cm,直 径0. 5 cm,包块表面呈脑回状,质中( 图1) 。门诊予 以手术切除,切除组织病理检查,巨检示: 灰白色皮 肤腹赘生物一块,表面呈脑回状,大小 3 cm × 3 cm ×2 cm,切面灰白,可见一直径约0. 7 cm 囊腔,囊内 充满淡黄色黏液;组织病理示:皮肤组织呈脑回状排 列,未见毛囊、皮脂腺及附属器,表皮角化不良,棘层 轻度增厚,表皮突延长,部分表皮感染,表皮内层可 见少量色素沉着( 图 2a) ,真皮胶原纤维增生,全层 可见大量淋巴细胞样痣细胞呈巢团状、成片分布,痣 细胞大小不等,色素大小不均,无显著异型,痣细胞由深部到表浅逐渐变大而趋于成熟,真皮浅层可见嗜 色素细胞( 图2b) ;深层化脓感染,形成囊腔,囊腔内 可见大量坏死的中性粒细胞( 图2c) 。病理诊断:先 天性痣伴感染。







2 讨论

脑回状先天性痣又称脑回状真皮内痣,是一种 少见的先天性色素痣的一种特殊类型,大多为皮内 痣,也可为复合痣、交界痣。病变常在出生时即存 在,但没有折叠与凹陷,大多在青春期迅速增大,呈 现脑回状隆起,易溃破出血,均有特殊的脑回状外观[1]。大部分病例生长缓慢,病程可长达数十年, 部分病例可迅速长大。病变主要见于额面部,全身 其他部位的皮肤也可发生。病变为广基或带蒂,表 面呈脑回状,一般无毛发。脑回状痣多数为良性病 变,易发生局部反复感染影响病人的生活,但个别性色素沉着,棕色、灰色、黑色的点状或球状结 构[34],慢性湿疹皮肤镜下主要表现为暗红色背景 下灶性分布的点状或球状血管伴有黄色鳞屑,斑块 状银屑病皮肤镜下可见亮红色背景上一致性分布的 点状或小球状血管,以及白色鳞屑[5]。BD 病理特 征是:表皮角化过度伴有角化不良,表皮全层结构紊 乱,细胞异型,表现多形核和异常核分裂现象,棘层 肥厚,基底膜完整。真皮浅层血管周围淋巴细胞浸 润[6]。本例患者病程短,进展较快,偶有瘙痒,曾被 误诊为湿疹,外用糖皮质激素治疗无效,引起笔者重 视,皮肤镜检查具有经典型 BD 镜下特征,随即病理 检查确诊为本病。

参考文献略。

原始出处:

胡生宝,李洁,郭冬黎,脑回状先天性痣1 例临床病理分析[J],中国皮肤性病学杂志,2019,33(10):1220-1221.

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    2019-11-17 huirong
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    2019-11-17 yese