盘点:Diabetes Care 19年7月刊重要原始研究汇总

2019-07-31 不详 网络

【1】地中海饮食计划对2型糖尿病患者降糖药物需求的影响DOI:10.2337/dc18-2475近日,一篇研究中,研究人员旨在评估两种地中海饮食计划(Med-EatPlans)与低脂饮食计划对降糖药物需求的影响。从PREDIMED试验中,研究人员选择了3230名2型糖尿病参与者。这些参与者被随机分配到三种饮食计划之一:Med-EatPlan补充特级初榨橄榄油(EVOO)、Med-EatPlan补充

【1】地中海饮食计划对2型糖尿病患者降糖药物需求的影响

DOI:10.2337/dc18-2475

近日,一篇研究中,研究人员旨在评估两种地中海饮食计划(Med-EatPlans)与低脂饮食计划对降糖药物需求的影响。从PREDIMED试验中,研究人员选择了3230名2型糖尿病参与者。这些参与者被随机分配到三种饮食计划之一:Med-EatPlan补充特级初榨橄榄油(EVOO)、Med-EatPlan补充混合坚果或低脂饮食计划(对照)。在一个亚组(15%)中,分配是在小群集中完成的,而不是使用单独的随机化,并且在统计分析中考虑了聚类效应。中位随访3.2年后,校正基线特征和倾向评分的多变量分析中,启动第一个降糖药物在Med-EatPlan+EVOO与对照组相比的风险比(HRs)为0.78(95%CI为0.62-0.98),对于Med-EatPlan+坚果为0.89(0.71-1.12)。中位随访5.1年后,Med-EatPlan+EVOO与对照组相比,启动胰岛素治疗校正HR为0.87(0.68-1.11),对于Med-EatPlan+坚果的校正HR为0.89(0.69-1.14)。表明在2型糖尿病患者中,Med-EatPlan+EVOO可能会延迟引入第一个降糖药物。Med-EatPlan没有导致胰岛素需求显著降低。

【2】不同教育背景的家庭儿童1型糖尿病的控制效果不同

DOI:10.2337/dc19-0184


1型糖尿病的儿童弄需要长期的监测和护理,近日一篇研究提示,不同教育背景的家庭儿童1型糖尿病的控制效果不同,母亲受教育程度越高,控制效果越好。研究纳入4079名丹麦1型糖尿病儿童,根据其母亲的受教育程度分为4组,并随访记录儿童患病后5年内的糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C)及血糖监测情况; 4组中HbA1C水平差异明显,硕士及以上组的平均HbA1C水平明显低于高中及以下组(7.6% vs 8.4%),而每天血糖监测次数明显偏高,且不同组间呈现剂量反应关系;基本人口学信息的差异可以解释其中41.2%的关联,而教育水平的差异可以解释其中22.5%的关联;儿童1型糖尿病的控制效果与母亲教育程度有关。

【3】中国科学家发现摄入更多的亚油酸可以降低2型糖尿病的风险

DOI:10.2337/dc19-0412


近日来自中国科学院的Geng Zong博士和他的同事使用了参与护士健康研究(NHS;1980-2012)的83648名女性和NHSII (1991-2013)的88,610名女性以及健康专业人员追踪研究的41,771名男性(1986-2012)的数据研究了n-6多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)摄入量与2型糖尿病风险之间的关系。在493万人年的随访中,共有18442例2型糖尿病病例。膳食中的n-6 PUFAs平均占总能量的4.4%到6.8%,主要由亚油酸组成(至少98%)。在多变量调整模型中比较极端n-6 PUFA五分位数(最高与最低)时,总n-6 PUFA的2型糖尿病风险的危险比为0.91 (Ptrend = 0.002), LA的2型糖尿病风险的危险比为0.92 (Ptrend = 0.01)。在考虑等热量替代的模型中,当LA等热量替代饱和脂肪(5%的能量;P = 0.002)时2型糖尿病风险降低14%,替代反式脂肪时降低17%(2%的能量;P < 0.0001),替代碳水化合物时降低9%(能量5%;P = 0.047)。当n-3 PUFAs或单不饱和脂肪被LA取代时,对糖尿病风险没有影响。

【4】每天睡眠时间变化可增加代谢异常风险

DOI:10.2337/dc19-0596


近日一项研究将不规则睡眠模式与代谢紊乱联系了起来。研究人员调查了2003年参与NHLBI动脉粥样硬化多民族研究(MESA)的45至84岁男性和女性,对参与者进行了中位数为6年的跟踪研究,目的是找出睡眠规律性与代谢异常之间的关系。为了确保对睡眠时间和质量的客观测量,参与者都佩戴了密切跟踪睡眠情况的腕表(可连续监测7天),还记录了睡眠日记,并对有关睡眠习惯和其他生活方式和健康因素的标准调查问卷作出了回应。参与者在2010年至2013年陆续完成了体动记录仪跟踪部分,随后调查研究一直跟踪到2016年至2017年。结果显示,就寝时间和睡眠时间差异较大的个体代谢问题的发生率较高,在调整了平均睡眠时间后,这些关联仍然存在。在6.3年的随访中,研究对象出现代谢紊乱的情况也与之相符。

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    2019-08-02 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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    2019-08-01 飛歌

    学习了很有用不错

    0