NEJM:一个月的利福喷汀加异烟肼预防艾滋病相关结核病疗效分析

2019-03-14 xing.T 网络

利福喷汀加异烟肼的1个月方案不劣于单独9个月的异烟肼用于预防HIV感染的结核患者,1个月组完成治疗的患者百分比要高。

结核病是人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染患者的主要杀手。预防性治疗是有效的,但目前的治疗方案受到执行不力和完成率低的限制。

近日,顶级医学期刊NEJM上发表了一篇研究文章,研究人员进行了一项随机、开放标签的3期非劣效性试验,比较了1个月的利福喷汀加异烟肼(1个月组)和9个月的异烟肼(9个月组)治疗HIV感染的生活在结核病高发区或有潜伏性结核感染证据的感染患者疗效和安全性。该研究主要终点是肺结核首次诊断或结核病死亡或原因不明。如果每100人每年的事件数量之间的组间差异的95%置信区间的上限小于1.25,则将显示非劣效性。

该研究共招募了3000名患者,随访时间中位数为3.3年。在这些患者中,54%是女性;中位CD4计数为每立方毫米470个细胞,一半患者接受抗逆转录病毒治疗。1个月组中1488名患者中的32名(2%)和9个月组中1498名患者中的33名(2%)报告了主要终点,发病率分别为每100人每年0.65人和每100人年年0.67人(1个月组的差异为每100人每年为-0.02; 95%置信区间的上限为0.30)。1个月组中6%的患者发生严重不良事件,9个月组中7%发生严重不良事件(P=0.07)。1个月组的治疗完成百分比显著高于9个月组(97% vs. 90%,P<0.001)。

利福喷汀加异烟肼的1个月方案不劣于单独9个月的异烟肼用于预防HIV感染的结核患者,1个月组完成治疗的患者百分比要高。

原始出处:

Susan Swindells, et al.One Month of Rifapentine plus Isoniazid to Prevent HIV-Related Tuberculosis.NEJM.2019.https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1806808

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    2019-03-14 内科新手

    谢谢梅斯提供这么好的信息,学到很多

    0

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