滕皋军教授:肝癌综合治疗新时代--TACE与系统治疗“强强联合”

2019-12-18 佚名 ioncology

为进一步提升肝癌治疗效果,延长肝癌患者生存时间,多学科诊疗模式(MDT)已经成为实现这一目标的必经之路。在我国,介入医生每年完成100万例以上以肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)为代表的肝癌介入治疗,介入治疗已然是当前肝癌的重要治疗手段。

为进一步提升肝癌治疗效果,延长肝癌患者生存时间,多学科诊疗模式(MDT)已经成为实现这一目标的必经之路。在我国,介入医生每年完成100万例以上以肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)为代表的肝癌介入治疗,介入治疗已然是当前肝癌的重要治疗手段。

TACE治疗预后三因素:手术技巧、肿瘤特征和生物指标

影响肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)治疗效果的主要因素可以分为以下三类:

第一、TACE技术。一个高质量的TACE,是通过微导管将肝癌的供血、供氧动脉进行识别和选择,其中需要包括肝癌的侧枝循环动脉(理论上有26条侧枝循环血管,建议所有介入医生都要熟悉);将肝癌所有供应血管挑选出来后,进行彻底、完整地栓塞。

滕皋军教授认为,在TACE娴熟的手术技术基础上,实现肝癌供应动脉精细化栓塞这一目标,一个上午TACE完成例数应该是在2例以内。在所用的栓塞材料方面,目前包含碘化油、微球和放射性同位素等,微球中又细分为粗颗粒或细颗粒,目前而言,碘化油还是TACE栓塞材料的金标准。一个标准的栓塞治疗应该是通过肝动脉的碘化油注射,同时清晰的显示出门静脉;肿瘤的坏死率越高,TACE治疗效果就越好。如此过程才是做到比较彻底的栓塞,使TACE更加有的放矢。

第二、肿瘤特征。肝癌本身分期、有无合并门静脉癌栓、有无包膜,都与TACE预后密切相关。例如肝癌的浸润性,我们可以在TACE中通过血管造影判断肿瘤有无包膜来识别。同时肝癌中的肝动脉门静脉瘘,尤其肝动脉和肝静脉瘘,会导致TACE治疗效果不佳。患者自身特征也是TACE治疗效果的一个重要影响因素,对于Child-Pugh C级的患者,不适合TACE治疗;而A级和B级的患者,TACE治疗效果也有区别,肝功能越好,意味着越能耐受TACE和多次TACE。合并基础疾病、有无进行抗病毒治疗,也会影响TACE预后。

第三、生物指标。目前比较遗憾,在肝癌里找不到一个理想的biomarker来预测TACE治疗效果。但我相信,在未来通过影像学组学、蛋白质组学以及基因组学的研究,可能能够找到预测的biomaker。

TACE术后的辅助治疗:目前缺乏标准,双“TA”或能成为治疗方向

在BCLC分期下,TACE被列入为姑息性治疗、非根治性治疗。如果肿瘤不大、TACE过程精细并且彻底,介入医生也有可能做到一定程度的根治性TACE。但是大多数情况下,TACE还是姑息性的,意味着肿瘤会有复发,治疗有可能不能彻底。因此,TACE需要辅助治疗来支持提高疗效。

长期以来,恶性肿瘤的常用治疗手段,例如化疗、放疗等,都不是肝癌辅助治疗的标准治疗,在近十年才逐渐出现了以索拉非尼、仑伐替尼、瑞戈非尼为代表的新的辅助治疗方案,以及最近出现的各种免疫药物。这些药物与TACE之间,在治疗上有互相的需求。TACE不能根治肝癌,但在肝癌中已经取得了相当不错的疗效;而靶向药物或免疫药物也无法做到100%有效,所以联合TACE治疗,有可能使患者获得更大的受益。

从机理上看,TACE后肿瘤的内环境发生改变,出现缺氧缺血,一方面让肿瘤出现坏死,另一方面也诱发了肿瘤的新生血管生成,靶向药物正是基于这一原理,防止TACE在这方面的负面影响,抑制血管生成,提升肿瘤治疗效果。目前已有来自于日本的研究数据显示,TACE联合靶向药物可以提升患者的生存时间。而目前最新公布的“T+A”方案,联合TACE治疗抑制血管生成,将会是一个很有希望的结合点。

TACE联合“T+A”免疫治疗的正向协同增效作用

在IMbrave 150研究中,试验组阿替利珠单抗+贝伐珠单抗(“T+A”方案)较对照组索拉非尼组,在晚期不可切除肝癌患者中,OS和PFS都更有获益。值得关注的是,在该研究纳入的501名患者中,将近40%的患者既往接受过TACE治疗;与索拉非尼相比,“T+A”方案免疫联合疗法使得患者死亡风险(OS)降低42%(HR=0.58),同时使得疾病恶化或死亡风险(PFS)降低41%(HR=0.59)。总有效率(ORR)为27%,完全缓解(CR)达到了6%。这为TACE术后的辅助治疗提供了一个新的方向和证据支持。

TACE的作用机理是通过动脉栓塞使肿瘤坏死,产生炎症反应,促进并激活免疫T细胞,当联合“T+A”方案时,一方面让阿替利珠单抗为代表的免疫治疗有效激活T细胞,进一步增强免疫应答,使肝癌由冷肿瘤转变为热肿瘤。另一方面,通过贝伐珠单抗的抗肿瘤血管生成作用抑制肿瘤血管再生。三方结合共同达到正面调节作用,提升杀伤肿瘤的效果。

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    2021-03-03 ms2000000050996988

    栓塞加靶向有益

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    2020-02-16 shanyongle
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=945037, encodeId=011894503edf, content=栓塞加靶向有益, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=84f85464656, createdName=ms2000000050996988, createdTime=Wed Mar 03 08:23:40 CST 2021, time=2021-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1646880, encodeId=a80f1646880a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=91cfe913977' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#综合治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79139, encryptionId=91cfe913977, topicName=综合治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=690523366225, createdName=zhaohui6739, createdTime=Tue Feb 18 01:31:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1655985, encodeId=f5b71655985c5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2a011829d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1829, encryptionId=2a011829d7, topicName=ACE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=635024767990, createdName=shanyongle, createdTime=Sun Feb 16 05:31:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2033717, encodeId=c3712033e1703, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fc431e0708f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TAC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17070, encryptionId=fc431e0708f, topicName=TAC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b05b180, createdName=grace5700, createdTime=Sat Jan 11 18:31:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1582713, encodeId=a83b1582e134b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=36455839121' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新时代#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58391, encryptionId=36455839121, topicName=新时代)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=598d16960026, createdName=446798725_87912770, createdTime=Fri Dec 20 01:31:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1613998, encodeId=06b2161399833, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=da23e693982' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#系统治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76939, encryptionId=da23e693982, topicName=系统治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=69d419466610, createdName=12498717m72(暂无昵称), createdTime=Fri Dec 20 01:31:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1040252, encodeId=e1ae104025210, content=肝癌,接下来就要细分了,对于体质好的病人,能否将PD-1类+抗血管新生+放疗等相结合,甚至有必要用TACE进行减负, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=留走人康, createdTime=Wed Dec 18 13:31:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-01-11 grace5700
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  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=945037, encodeId=011894503edf, content=栓塞加靶向有益, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=84f85464656, createdName=ms2000000050996988, createdTime=Wed Mar 03 08:23:40 CST 2021, time=2021-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1646880, encodeId=a80f1646880a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=91cfe913977' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#综合治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79139, encryptionId=91cfe913977, topicName=综合治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=690523366225, createdName=zhaohui6739, createdTime=Tue Feb 18 01:31:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1655985, encodeId=f5b71655985c5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2a011829d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1829, encryptionId=2a011829d7, topicName=ACE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=635024767990, createdName=shanyongle, createdTime=Sun Feb 16 05:31:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2033717, encodeId=c3712033e1703, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fc431e0708f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TAC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17070, encryptionId=fc431e0708f, topicName=TAC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b05b180, createdName=grace5700, createdTime=Sat Jan 11 18:31:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1582713, encodeId=a83b1582e134b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=36455839121' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新时代#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58391, encryptionId=36455839121, topicName=新时代)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=598d16960026, createdName=446798725_87912770, createdTime=Fri Dec 20 01:31:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1613998, encodeId=06b2161399833, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=da23e693982' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#系统治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76939, encryptionId=da23e693982, topicName=系统治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=69d419466610, createdName=12498717m72(暂无昵称), createdTime=Fri Dec 20 01:31:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1040252, encodeId=e1ae104025210, content=肝癌,接下来就要细分了,对于体质好的病人,能否将PD-1类+抗血管新生+放疗等相结合,甚至有必要用TACE进行减负, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=留走人康, createdTime=Wed Dec 18 13:31:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=945037, encodeId=011894503edf, content=栓塞加靶向有益, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=84f85464656, createdName=ms2000000050996988, createdTime=Wed Mar 03 08:23:40 CST 2021, time=2021-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1646880, encodeId=a80f1646880a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=91cfe913977' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#综合治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79139, encryptionId=91cfe913977, topicName=综合治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=690523366225, createdName=zhaohui6739, createdTime=Tue Feb 18 01:31:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1655985, encodeId=f5b71655985c5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2a011829d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1829, encryptionId=2a011829d7, topicName=ACE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=635024767990, createdName=shanyongle, createdTime=Sun Feb 16 05:31:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2033717, encodeId=c3712033e1703, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fc431e0708f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TAC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17070, encryptionId=fc431e0708f, topicName=TAC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b05b180, createdName=grace5700, createdTime=Sat Jan 11 18:31:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1582713, encodeId=a83b1582e134b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=36455839121' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新时代#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58391, encryptionId=36455839121, topicName=新时代)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=598d16960026, createdName=446798725_87912770, createdTime=Fri Dec 20 01:31:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1613998, encodeId=06b2161399833, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=da23e693982' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#系统治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76939, encryptionId=da23e693982, topicName=系统治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=69d419466610, createdName=12498717m72(暂无昵称), createdTime=Fri Dec 20 01:31:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1040252, encodeId=e1ae104025210, content=肝癌,接下来就要细分了,对于体质好的病人,能否将PD-1类+抗血管新生+放疗等相结合,甚至有必要用TACE进行减负, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=留走人康, createdTime=Wed Dec 18 13:31:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-12-18 留走人康

    肝癌,接下来就要细分了,对于体质好的病人,能否将PD-1类+抗血管新生+放疗等相结合,甚至有必要用TACE进行减负

    0