梁力建教授:靶向治疗新时代,肝癌多学科综合治疗如虎添翼

2019-05-22 佚名 肿瘤资讯

目前,肝癌的治疗仍未有达到根治的办法,即便是肝癌患者在早期争取获得根治性的手术治疗,其术后仍然有很高的复发和转移风险。随着新型靶向药物的不断涌现,以手术为主的多学科综合治疗如虎添翼,肝癌患者能从治疗中得到更好的生存获益。

目前,肝癌的治疗仍未有达到根治的办法,即便是肝癌患者在早期争取获得根治性的手术治疗,其术后仍然有很高的复发和转移风险。随着新型靶向药物的不断涌现,以手术为主的多学科综合治疗如虎添翼,肝癌患者能从治疗中得到更好的生存获益。

肝癌治疗任重道远,提倡手术为主的多学科综合治疗

肝癌是我国的高发疾病,发病率和死亡率均较高,中国的肝癌患者已占全球的60%以上,因此我国被称为肝癌大国。在肝癌的治疗上,我国已有很长时间的历史和丰富的临床治疗经验,主要以外科治疗为主。然而,几十年来,肝癌的生存率并没有得到显着的提高,这表明,无论怎样改进,运用单一的外科手段来治疗肝癌具有一定的局限性。该局限性很可能是由于人们对肝癌的生物学特性、分子分型及其发生发展过程的了解不够深入详尽。因此,除了外科手术,我们更加提倡多手段的综合治疗。

目前,肝癌的治疗仍未有达到根治的办法,即便是肝癌患者在早期争取获得根治性的手术治疗,其术后仍然有很高的复发和转移风险,最常见的转移方式是微血管转移。如果患者合并有肝炎背景,肝癌的治疗则难上加难。对于肝癌复发转移的预防,我们医生想尽了各种各样的办法,包括改进手术方法、各类术前筛查,还有术后的综合治疗等。这些措施都能起到一定的作用,但是想要彻底地治愈肝癌,仍然有很远很长的路要走。未来,我们要从基础科研和药物研究等方面努力,挖掘和发现更多肝癌治疗相关的靶点和药物。

术前术后联合治疗,有效降低肝癌复发转移风险

合并微血管癌栓是肝癌术后早期复发的高危因素,如果能够在术前通过某些检测手段预测到微血管侵犯,就能更好地对患者进行预防和治疗。然而,目前微血管癌栓诊断的金标准仍然是术后病理检查。对于复发转移的预防,我们可以在术前对肝癌患者先进行治疗如肝动脉化疗栓塞,然后再行手术切除;也可以考虑手术的同时使用辅助治疗,包括全身性的化疗、介入治疗、靶向治疗和免疫治疗等,以期能进一步杀死肿瘤细胞。

靶向治疗进展显着,仑伐替尼一线用药获批上市

2008年,新型靶向药物索拉非尼获批应用于临床,为晚期肝癌患者带来新的希望,然而实际上肝癌总生存期的延长并没有太大的提高。另一方面,患者应用索拉非尼后,病情其实并未得到太大的改善,但由于没有更多可选择的药物,索拉非尼在晚期肝癌治疗中长期处于主导地位。

近年来,越来越多的新型靶向药物不断涌现,包括近日上市的仑伐替尼,获批用于晚期肝癌的一线治疗。前期的临床研究表明,仑伐替尼治疗肝癌的疗效不劣于索拉非尼,而且在安全性方面优于索拉非尼,因此更受医生、患者的欢迎与青睐。根据临床经验,仑伐替尼对肝细胞性肝癌、胆管细胞性肝癌和混合型肝癌(在肝脏单个瘤体内同时含有肝细胞癌和胆管细胞癌两种)均有疗效。另外,已有国际研究表明,仑伐替尼联合PD-1免疫治疗能发挥更优的疗效,更多详尽的研究结果有待进一步公布。因此,仑伐替尼的上市为肝癌患者提供了更优的治疗选择。

仑伐替尼疗效确切,肝癌多学科综合治疗如虎添翼

目前,我们主张的肝癌治疗策略主要是以外科手术为主的多学科综合治疗。我们会在术前开展多学科讨论,为每位肝癌患者选择和确定合适的最优治疗方案。对于能手术切除的患者推荐进行手术,其他治疗手段如介入治疗、靶向治疗也是选择之一。如今,仑伐替尼等疗效确切的药物不断涌现,为肝癌治疗提供了更多选择,也为患者带来了更好的疗效。相信未来除了手术以外,更多有效的治疗手段综合运用,更多肝癌患者能从治疗中得到更好的生存获益。

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    2019-05-23 184****9840

    靶向疗法是癌症病人的一大希望。

    0

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    2019-05-22 留走人康

    肝癌,接下来就要细分了,对于体质好的病人,能否将PD-1类+抗血管新生+放疗等相结合,甚至有必要用TACE进行减负

    0

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