Circulation:动脉粥样硬化中的保护性CD4 T调节细胞的致病性转换

2020-10-01 星云 MedSci原创

在伴随动脉粥样硬化的炎症反应过程中,自身反应CD4+ T辅助细胞在动脉粥样硬化斑块中积累。载脂蛋白B100(apoB),低密度脂蛋白的核心蛋白,是一种自身抗原,可驱动产生致病性1型T-辅助 (TH1)

在伴随动脉粥样硬化的炎症反应过程中,自身反应CD4+ T辅助细胞在动脉粥样硬化斑块中积累。载脂蛋白B100(apoB),低密度脂蛋白的核心蛋白,是一种自身抗原,可驱动产生致病性1型T-辅助 (TH1)细胞,并分泌促炎细胞因子。临床数据表明在健康个体中存在的apoB特异性CD4+ T细胞,具有动脉粥样硬化保护、调节性T细胞(Treg)表型。但ApoB反应性Tregs细胞的功能及其与致病性TH1细胞的关系尚不明确。

为了探讨自身反应性CD4+ T细胞在动脉粥样硬化中的作用,研究人员采用一种新型的主要组织相容性复合体II四聚体在单细胞水平上追踪T细胞对小鼠自身肽apo B978-993 (apoB+)的反应。

结果发现,apoB+ T细胞在健康小鼠淋巴结中构建了一种寡克隆群体,表现为Treg样转录组,仅21%的apoB+ T细胞表达Treg转录因子FoxP3蛋白。在单细胞RNA测序中,apoB+ T细胞形成了几个带有混合TH特征的集群,提示与TH1、2型T辅助细胞(TH2)、17型T辅助细胞(TH17)和滤泡性辅助T细胞的促炎和抗炎转录本有多谱系表型重叠。
 
ApoB+ T细胞在动脉粥样硬化的小鼠和人体内增多,并逐步转化为具有促炎特性的致病性TH1/ TH17样细胞,仅残留Treg转录组。在动脉粥样硬化进展过程中,斑块T细胞持续扩增,表现为TH1/TH17混合表型。此外,在高脂血症Apoe-/-小鼠中,部分apoB+ Treg细胞的FoxP3缺失。在过继移植实验中,转化的apoB+ Tregs对动脉粥样硬化没有保护作用。
移植的apoB+ Treg细胞不能预防动脉粥样硬化
 
综上所述,该研究结果显示了apoB反应性自身免疫T细胞在动脉粥样硬化中出人意料的混合表型,并提示,在临床疾病中,对apoB的初始保护性自身免疫反应伴有进行性紊乱。这些发现明确了apoB自身反应性Treg细胞是动脉粥样硬化的一个新细胞靶点。

原始出处:

Dennis Wolf, et al. Pathogenic Autoimmunity in Atherosclerosis Evolves From Initially Protective Apolipoprotein B100–Reactive CD4+ T-Regulatory Cells. Circulation. 2020;142:1279–1293.
https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.042863

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    2020-11-24 cnxcy
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    2021-06-09 qidongfanjian
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    2020-10-01 1466480am10暂无昵称

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