Hypertension:高危患者血清钾水平与死亡率之间的关联

2021-10-08 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

基线和治疗中血清钾水平均与死亡无关,强化降压的效果不受血清钾水平的影响。仔细监测服用抗高血压药物的患者可能会消除与异常血清钾相关的风险。

据报道,高血压患者血清钾水平与短期死亡率之间呈U型关联。关于血清钾的长期预后影响以及这种关系是否因强化降低血压而改变尚未明确。

近日,血管权威杂志Hypertension上发表了一篇研究文章,收缩压干预试验(SPRINT)是一项随机对照试验,纳入了9361名年龄50岁以上且无糖尿病的高危患者,他们被分配到强化降压与标准降压组。

研究人员使用Cox比例风险回归(包括血清钾作为时间相关协变量)和受限三次样条研究了基线和治疗中血清钾水平与死亡之间的关联。研究人员进一步探讨了强化降压对血清钾水平的影响。

该研究共获得了9336名个体的基线血清钾水平,8473名个体在12个月时进行了测量。两个治疗组之间的平均基线血清钾水平相似(强化降压组为4.21mmol/L vs. 标准降压组为4.20mmol/L;P=0.74),但强化降压治疗中血清钾较低(4.14mmol/L vs. 4.18mmol/L;P=0.001)。中位随访时间为3.3年,其中365例(3.9%)全因死亡和102例因(1.1%)心血管死亡。基线血清钾水平与两种类型死亡事件均呈线性相关(P<0.05)。治疗中血钾也与全因死亡(P=0.04)呈线性相关,但与心血管死亡(P=0.13)无关。多变量调整后,这些关联均不显著(P≥0.05)。血清钾没有改变强化降压治疗的效果(P≥0.05)。

由此可见,基线和治疗中血清钾水平均与死亡无关,强化降压的效果不受血清钾水平的影响。仔细监测服用抗高血压药物的患者可能会消除与异常血清钾相关的风险。

原始出处:

Christina Byrne.et al.Serum Potassium and Mortality in High-Risk Patients: SPRINT.Hypertension.2021.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.17736

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