想吃薯条、可乐、甜甜圈!你可能只是没睡饱

2019-10-29 青青子衿 MedSci原创

睡眠不足让你选择高热量食物,早睡真的能减肥!

♪夜太美,尽管再危险,
总有人黑着眼眶熬着夜~♪

尽管每天早上艰难起床时都在发誓再也不熬夜了,但等到晚上睡前一看表,凌晨1点。

熬夜已经成为当代人的家常便饭,“一时熬夜一时爽,一直熬夜一直爽”,经常熬夜的危害大家都很清楚,但也仅仅是从“开开心心地熬夜”变成“胆战心惊地熬夜”。



或许有人认为熬夜猝死离自己很遥远,那么我们就来聊聊离得近的。

不知你是否发现熬夜之后特别想吃汉堡、烧烤、方便面,蛋糕、奶茶、甜甜圈,可乐、雪碧、巧克力......不要忙着责怪自己自制力弱,这种现象可是有科学解释的。



近期发表于eLife 杂志上的一项研究显示睡眠不足的人们更容易选择高热量食物!



该研究入选了25位健康志愿者,分为两组,试验为交叉设计,即两组参与者轮流经历睡眠剥夺(每晚只睡4小时)和非睡眠剥夺(正常睡眠7-9小时)阶段。

在早晨时,研究人员对两组参与者的主观状态进行评估,结果发现与非睡眠剥夺组相比,睡眠剥夺组的受试者主观感觉睡眠不足,睡眠质量下降,警觉性和反应性下降,嗜睡增加。

接着,让受试者们闻高能量食物以及非食物的气味,提供的气味源有烤肉、肉桂卷、大蒜和枞树(非食物),通过功能性磁共振扫描观察他们大脑中枢的变化。



扫描结束后,研究人员立即让受试者在自助餐式的环境中随意取用食物,以衡量睡眠不足对食物选择和摄入量的影响。

结果发现,睡眠剥夺的受试者食用的食物能量明显高于非睡眠剥夺者!

重要的是,睡眠不足对饮食行为的影响可以持续到第二天,这表明一个晚上的睡眠不足会对食物选择产生相对持久的影响!



为什么睡眠剥夺的人们更容易选择高能量的食物呢?

研究人员发现,睡眠剥夺人群的血液分析中內源性大麻素——十八烯酸单甘油酯(2-OG)的水平明显增加,其可能在睡眠剥夺后改变饮食行为方面发挥作用。

內源性大麻素的升高增强了大脑中梨状皮质对食物气味的编码,并使人们更容易选择高能量食物。



专家们通过磁共振成像观察了受试者们大脑梨状皮层对气味的反应,进一步发现了睡眠不足的人相比正常睡眠的人梨状皮层对食物气味反应更为强烈。

这些人的梨状皮层与通常与之交换信息的岛叶的联系更差,而岛叶是负责接收适当摄取食物信号。

原来是由于大脑皮层两个区域之间的联系受到破坏,大脑收到的饮食信息被扭曲,而这会使饮食习惯受到影响。

当梨状皮层不能与岛叶正常联系,人们会选择比实际需要热量更高的食物!该研究也为睡眠不足如何影响嗅觉系统和食物摄入提供了另一种新的途径。

研究者Thorsten Kahnt教授在文中也提到:当我们睡眠不足时,相关的大脑区域可能无法获取足够的信息,这时候我们就会通过选择富含高能量的食物来进行补偿;

但也有可能是大脑嗅觉皮层信号变敏锐,而其它区域并没有注意到这些信号,未能进行干扰,导致我们选择甜甜圈和薯片。



简单地说就是,睡眠不足可以增加內源性大麻素的水平,也破坏了大脑皮层两个区域之间的联系,此时大脑容易丧失理智决策,你就可能会选择高热量食物!

所以,想要减少高热量食物的摄入,一定要少熬夜,保障充足的睡眠时间。

除此之外,避开外界刺激可能也是方法之一,下次熬夜后早起,记得离炸鸡奶茶店远一点。



熬夜除了让我们选择食物更偏向高热量外,还可能导致肠道免疫失衡,从而影响脂质代谢。


来源:梅斯医学

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    2019-11-28 jyzxjiangqin

    不能吃可口可乐!

    0

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    2019-11-16 jyzxjiangqin

    你可能只是没睡饱。

    0

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    2019-10-31 by2014
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    2019-10-29 qingfengqishi5

    学习了,学习了

    0