JAHA:慢性血管扩张剂对血管痉挛性心绞痛患者预后的影响

2022-03-30 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

以硝酸盐为基础的长效血管扩张剂治疗与血管痉挛性心绞痛患者发生急性冠状动脉综合征的2年风险增加相关,尤其是在低风险患者中。

血管痉挛性心绞痛(VSA)在病因、治疗和预后方面不同于经典的动脉粥样硬化性心绞痛。VSA是由心外膜冠状动脉的局灶性或弥漫性痉挛引起的。已知的发病机制包括(1)血管平滑肌高反应性,(2)自主神经系统受损,以及(3)微血管功能障碍。通过长效硝酸盐进行慢性血管扩张剂经常用于血管痉挛性心绞痛的治疗。然而,这种方法的临床益处是存在争议。

近日,心血管疾病领域权威杂志JAHA上发表了一篇研究文章,研究人员从多中心、前瞻性韩国血管痉挛性心绞痛(VA-KOREA)登记处调查了血管扩张剂治疗对血管痉挛性心绞痛患者预后的影响。

研究人员分析了1895例冠状动脉内麦角新碱激发试验结果呈阳性的患者数据,将患者分为4组:无血管扩张剂(n=359)、非硝酸盐血管扩张剂(n=1187)、常规硝酸盐(n=209)、常规硝酸盐和其他血管扩张剂组合(n=140)。该研究的主要终点是2年时心源性死亡、急性冠状动脉综合征和新发心律失常的复合终点,该研究的次要终点是主要终点的各个组成成分、全因死亡和因复发性心绞痛再次住院。

各组在主要终点的风险方面没有差异。然而,在常规硝酸盐组(风险比[HR]为2.49;95%CI为1.01-6.14;P=0.047)和联合组(HR为3.34;95%CI为1.15-9.75;P=0.027)中,急性冠状动脉综合征的风险显著更高。与无血管扩张剂组相比,使用治疗权重的逆概率进行评估。亚组分析显示硝酸盐对麦角新碱激发试验结果呈中等阳性的患者和日本冠状动脉痉挛协会评分较低的患者具有显著的不良影响。

由此可见,以硝酸盐为基础的长效血管扩张剂治疗与血管痉挛性心绞痛患者发生急性冠状动脉综合征的2年风险增加相关,尤其是在低风险患者中。

原始出处:

Yongwhan Lim,et al.Prognostic Impact of Chronic Vasodilator Therapy in Patients With Vasospastic Angina.JAHA.2022.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.121.023776

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    2022-05-13 lsj637
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    2022-03-31 zhaohui6731
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    2022-03-31 apoenzyme

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