秋水仙碱可能会干扰基于腺病毒载体的 COVID-19 疫苗的功效

2022-04-03 nobscure MedSci原创

在秋水仙碱的存在下,腺病毒载体将基因组递送至接种细胞核可能会受到阻碍。

在持续的 COVID-19 大流行下,疫苗已成为减少感染传播的关键因素。其中,ChAdOx1 nCoV-19疫苗是一种腺病毒载体疫苗,总体保护效力为70.4%。腺病毒含有 SARS-CoV-2 刺突蛋白基因,并将其 DNA 推入接种疫苗的细胞核,随后可以制造刺突蛋白。在疫苗接种期间,腺病毒的基因组转变受微管结构和动力学的影响。秋水仙碱可以通过在较低浓度下抑制微管动力学并在较高浓度下诱导微管解聚来改变微管动力学。因此,在秋水仙碱的存在下,腺病毒载体将基因组递送至接种细胞核可能会受到阻碍。尽管如此,秋水仙碱是全球痛风治疗的常用药物,尽管指南没有推荐,秋水仙碱甚至被考虑作为 COVID-19 感染的一种可能的治疗选择。鉴于上述原因以及秋水仙碱在世界范围内的使用,应谨慎看待秋水仙碱通过腺病毒载体对 COVID-19 疫苗效力的影响。

在由严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 引起的威胁健康的 COVID-19 大流行中,疫苗已成为平息感染传播的关键。目前,几种 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗正在开发或临床过程中,其中一些(辉瑞/BioNTech、Moderna、Janssen 和 Covaxin)已获得世界卫生组织的紧急使用授权(EUA),而 ChAdOx1牛津大学与英国-瑞典公司 AstraZeneca 合作开发的 nCoV-19 疫苗 (AZD1222) 于2021 年 1 月 29 日获得欧洲药品管理局 (EMA) 的ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 疫苗是一种腺病毒载体疫苗,两剂后的总体保护效力为 70.4%,至少一剂标准剂量后的总体保护效力为 64.1%。

工程化腺病毒含有SARS-CoV-2结构表面糖蛋白抗原(刺突蛋白)基因,将其DNA推入接种细胞的细胞核,随后,刺突蛋白可以由接种细胞的信使RNA制造,从而诱导免疫。在疫苗接种期间,腺病毒的基因组被携带在衣壳中,穿过宿主细胞的膜,以进入它们的内部网络。 该病毒将模仿细胞内人群的行为,以实现沿着丝状蛋白的细胞骨架网络的定向运动。有趣的是,腺病毒利用动力蛋白运动及其辅因子动力蛋白的结构和核苷酸依赖性构象变化沿微管运动,因此,腺病毒在细胞骨架网络中向细胞核靶向基因组释放的转变受到微管结构和动力学的影响。

微管是丝状聚合物,形成细胞骨架的主要成分之一,同时还为细胞信息提供运输并参与细胞内信号传导。目前临床使用的几种化合物会改变微管动力学,包括紫杉烷、长春花生物碱或秋水仙碱。秋水仙碱结合位点位于微管蛋白二聚体的中心,就在 α- 和 β- 微管蛋白单体的界面处。 与秋水仙碱位点结合后发生构象变化,包括二聚体弯曲,其中微管蛋白单体在界面周围发生扭曲。这种构象的变化允许在微管丝内包含秋水仙碱-微管蛋白复合物,然后在较低浓度下抑制微管动力学,并在较高浓度下诱导微管解聚。 , 

因此,在秋水仙碱的存在下,腺病毒载体将基因组递送至接种个体细胞的细胞核可能会受到阻碍。此外,有体内证据表明秋水仙碱抑制腺病毒向神经元的基因传递。秋水仙碱是治疗痛风的常用药物。此外,在当前大流行的情况下,秋水仙碱可作为 COVID-19 感染的一种治疗选择,用于抑制免疫系统以防止细胞因子风暴。鉴于上述原因以及秋水仙碱在世界范围内的使用,应谨慎看待秋水仙碱对使用腺病毒载体的 COVID-19 疫苗功效的影响,并有必要进行进一步的精确调查。

来源:Lin CW. Colchicine May Interfere With the Efficacy of the Adenoviral Vector-Based Vaccine for COVID-19. Clin Med Insights Arthritis Musculoskelet Disord. 2022 Mar 23;15:11795441221081061. doi: 10.1177/11795441221081061. 

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    2022-11-10 mei539
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    2022-04-08 杨海东

    天天学习

    0

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    2022-04-03 玉兰儿

    学习了

    0

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    2022-04-03 医者仁者

    这个有意思#秋水仙碱#

    0

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BJH:托珠单抗和秋水仙碱在新型冠状病毒肺炎相关凝血中的冲突影响

TCZ在covid-19患者的好处可能是由于发现抗体只能部分抑制IL-6介导的炎症活动(7)和未能阻止α-Def的释放和随后增加d二聚体代表的凝血加速。

ARD:秋水仙碱预防与 COVID-19 疫苗接种后痛风发作减少有关

COVID-19 疫苗接种与痛风发作的几率增加相关,痛风发作主要发生在每次疫苗接种后的第 1 个月,并且与秋水仙碱预防负相关。

Lancet Respir Med:秋水仙碱对COVID-19患者预后的影响

秋水仙碱并不能降低COVID-19住院成人患者28天死亡率。

秋水仙碱,良药or毒药?关键看这一点!千万不能错!

秋水仙碱是用于痛风急性期、痛风关节炎急性发作和预防的药物,治疗剂量与中毒剂量比较接近,医生临床用药一定要小心!