Pediatrics:预防贫困地区幼儿因营养不良导致的发育迟缓,每天一个鸡蛋的作用得到肯定

2017-06-07 fengxiangxin MedSci原创

根据在厄瓜多尔进行的一个为期六个月的研究显示,每天一个鸡蛋可以帮助营养不良的儿童成长到健康的身高。无论是软蒸、硬煮、炒或搅进其他食物,鸡蛋都能促进婴幼儿的发育。儿科杂志上的研究者说,人生第一个两年的营养情况对日后的生长发育至关重要,该时期任何发育障碍带来的影响都是不可逆的,而这是一个预防发育迟缓的较为廉价的方式。

根据在厄瓜多尔进行的一个为期六个月的研究显示,每天一个鸡蛋可以帮助营养不良的儿童成长到健康的身高。无论是软蒸、硬煮、炒或搅进其他食物,鸡蛋都能促进婴幼儿的发育。儿科杂志上的研究者说,人生第一个两年的营养情况对日后的生长发育至关重要,该时期任何发育障碍带来的影响都是不可逆的,而这是一个预防发育迟缓的较为廉价的方式。

身高与年龄不成比例

营养不良、感染和疾病是造成儿童生长发育迟缓的主要原因。根据世界卫生组织的统计,全世界有1亿5500万名5岁以下儿童生长发育迟缓(身高年龄比太低)。其中大多数人生活在低收入和中等收入国家,专家们一直在寻找一个既能解决问题又不难实现的方法。

鸡蛋晚餐

Lora Iannotti和她的同事们在厄尔多瓜高原农村设立了一个现场试验,他们给6-9个月的孩子免费吃鸡蛋,想看看这是否会有帮助。参加这项随机试验的160名孩子中,有一半小孩每天额外喂一个鸡蛋,并持续6个月,将其余一半不吃鸡蛋的小孩作为对照组。研究人员每周到这些孩子所在的家庭访问一次,以确保他们坚持了研究计划,并检查是否有阻碍计划进行的任何问题或副作用,包括鸡蛋过敏。

在研究结束时,喂鸡蛋组小孩的发育迟缓率远低于(47%)非鸡蛋组。尽管相对来说更多被分到鸡蛋喂养组的的婴儿在研究开始时被认为身高年龄比率较低,非鸡蛋喂养组的小孩实际上也吃过鸡蛋,但却远远不及治疗组那么多。

首席研究员Iannotti说:"我们很惊讶这被证明是如此有效的干预措施,更有意义的是这对那些处在饥饿和营养不良状况下的人来说是容易实现的。"她说鸡蛋对小宝宝来说是非常好的食物,鸡蛋含有多种很重要的营养成分。

均衡的饮食

皇家学院的儿科和儿童健康领导Mary Fewtrell教授说:"在某种程度上,这非常令人惊讶,因为还没有更多的研究将鸡蛋用在这种情况下。尽管在某些文化中,父母因为认为鸡蛋会导致过敏而觉得没有必要将它作为孩子的早期辅食。但是鸡蛋的确是一种很好的营养补充品,一旦母亲决定开始补充辅食,就可以将其作为多样化饮食的一部分(不能在四个月之前喂养鸡蛋),并且鸡蛋应该完全煮熟,以避免任何潜在的感染风险。"

世卫组织建议世界各地的母亲纯母乳喂养婴儿至六个月,以达到最佳的生长发育和健康水平。六个月后,应当给婴儿添加辅食,并继续母乳喂养至2岁或以上。

英国营养基金会建议:"虽然鸡蛋包含了很多营养成分,但婴幼儿应当有多样化的饮食。这不仅是孩子获得所有维生素和矿物所需要的,也是味觉良好发育所必需的。所以在喂养幼儿时,应提供多种多样富含蛋白质的食物,除了鸡蛋还包括豆类、鱼类,尤其是油性鱼类、肉类和奶制品。"

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    2017-10-07 hbwxf
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    2017-06-28 feather89
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    2017-06-09 neurowu
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营养不良是由于疾病、饥饿、年龄等因素使得机体蛋白摄入不足,引起身体组成改变最终引起身心功能受损的一种状态。欧洲临床营养与代谢协会(ESPEN)近期提出的成年人营养不良新定义改变了对问题的看法,提出有效诊断工具的可靠性问题。本研究的目的是,通过比较ESPEN标准,验证最常用的两种筛选工具的准确性。研究纳入了1146名住院患者(平均年龄60岁,间距范围:44-73岁,617名为男性,529名为女性),

Int J Epidemiol:震惊!闹饥荒也会增加结直肠癌风险

人在生长发育过程中,营养不足也可能增加未来生活中的结直肠癌风险。 本研究纳入了1944年至1945年(荷兰饥荒年)期间、7906名0-21岁女性,这些参与者在1993年至1997年加入了Prospect-EPIC研究。我们使用Cox比例风险分析,调整潜在的混杂因素后,评估自我报告的饥荒暴露程度和不同暴露年龄,与结直肠癌(近端、远端结肠和直肠)风险之间的联系。 中位数随访17.3年过程中

Clin Nutr:ESPEN营养不良标准应用研究

欧洲临床营养与代谢学会(ESPEN)对营养不良的共识定义已被广泛应用到住院的老年糖尿病患者和中年患者、老年门诊患者、健康老年人和年轻人。在急性护理后部门,我们评估了因急性病程老年住院患者的营养不良(ESPEN定义)情况,以及其与肌肉减少症之间的关系。 研究纳入了88例≥70岁的住院患者,BMI<30 Kg/m2,平均年龄84.1岁,其中62%的为女性;使用生物标志物、微型营养评定短表