CELL:肌肉是怎么练出来的?琥珀酸调节运动时肌肉的重塑

2020-09-26 张佳兴 生物探索

健身,是大家都不陌生的一项活动。运动训练可以促进骨骼肌重建,增强肌肉力量及适应性。但你知道这个过程是怎么发生的吗?如何才能最大化训练效果呢?

健身,是大家都不陌生的一项活动。运动训练可以促进骨骼肌重建,增强肌肉力量及适应性。但你知道这个过程是怎么发生的吗?如何才能最大化训练效果呢?

有研究表明,运动训练造成的骨骼肌适应需要旁分泌过程的参与,而肌肉中的神经适应就是对阻力训练的一种早期旁分泌反应,它可以提高肌肉力量却不产生肥大。此外,肌肉的交感神经支配和交感神经传入信号也可以调节肌力、再生和肌肉血流量,直接影响肌肉功能。

2020年9月17日,《Cell 》杂志在线发表了丹娜-法伯癌症研究所Edward T.Chouchani博士团队题为“pH-Gated Succinate Secretion Regulates Muscle Remodeling inResponse to Exercise”的研究。他们发现了一种生物能量传感器,它通过pH及琥珀酸调节肌肉组织对运动的适应。

研究人员对运动后小鼠的腓肠肌和胫骨前肌进行了代谢物分析,他们发现运动后肌肉产生琥珀酸增多。

运动后肌肉释放琥珀酸

进一步研究发现,质膜转运体单羧酸转运体1 (MCT1)在肌肉中通过pH门控转运方式促进肌肉细胞中琥珀酸的选择性释放。

MCT1介导的pH门控分泌

其后,研究人员发现运动锻炼后局部琥珀酸浓度与g蛋白偶联受体SUCNR1调控的磷酸化级联信号有关,且这种信号对肌肉运动非常敏感。

那么,琥珀酸及琥珀酸-SUCNR1信号对于肌肉重塑是否有作用呢?研究人员在SUCNR1敲除鼠中发现,缺乏琥珀酸-SUCNR1信号将导致多种基因转录本下降,并影响了包括肌肉力量、神经支配在内的多种功能。

琥珀酸-sucnr1信号调控肌肉重塑

此外,该研究还表明,SUCNR1信号可以拮抗与胰岛素抵抗相关的慢性肌肉炎症,股静脉琥珀酸盐浓度峰值可以预测运动后胰岛素敏感性。

有趣的是,此前亦有研究发现,琥珀酸饮食通过SUCNR1依赖的方式影响骨骼肌的功能,且口服琥珀酸对全身葡萄糖稳态、全身能量消耗和肠道营养素具有重要且快速的调节作用。研究人员指出,在琥珀酸的作用下,一次运动可以改善运动后数小时的胰岛素敏感性。你还不开始健身吗?

原始出处:

Anita Reddy, Luiz H M Bozi, Omar K Yaghi, et al.pH-Gated Succinate Secretion Regulates Muscle Remodeling in Response to Exercise.Cell. 2020 Sep 15;S0092-8674(20)31081-3. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.039.

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    2021-09-08 爆笑小医
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    2020-12-18 ms4000000760514981

    所以琥珀酸是在所有运动过量的肌肉中都会出现吗?

    0

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