Clinical Nutrition:肌力减退症(Dynapenic)和腹部肥胖对老年人长期步态速度和跌倒的影响

2021-11-27 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

肌力下降是随意运动功能的减低或丧失,指主动运动时肌肉的力量、幅度和速度降低。不同程度的肌力减退可以分为完全瘫痪和不完全瘫痪(即轻瘫)。

尽管肌力减退症和腹部肥胖对人类的身体机能和健康都有负面影响,但很少有前瞻性研究评估肌力减退症 (Dynapenic) 与步态速度和跌倒的关系。本项研究的目的是评估低肌肉力量和腹部肥胖对老年人长期步态速度和跌倒的综合影响。

 

研究人员使用了来自英国老龄化纵向研究 (ELSA) 的数据进行了本项研究,其中包括 4987 名 60 岁及以上的人,在基线时对所有患者的握力和腰围进行了测量。在14年的随访期间对患者的步态速度和跌倒事件进行了评估(评价指标:跌倒、反复跌倒和跌倒相关损伤)。主要的肌力减退的定义:研究人群根据性别特异性握力(女性<16 kg和男性<26kg,腰围女性>88 厘米,男性>102 厘米)。

 

 研究结果显示在14年的随访期间,所有患者的步态速度均有所下降(P< 0.001)。相比于非肌力减退或腹部肥胖的患者,基线时只要存在肌力减退症或腹部肥胖都会展现出更差的步态速度(P< 0.001)。Cox 回归分析显示存在肌力减退症/非腹部肥胖(D/NAO)和肌力减退症联合腹部肥胖(D/AO)是老年人跌倒的高度预测指标,D/NAO 的风险比 (HR) 为 1.181(95% CI:1.002,1.392)和D/AO的风险比为 1.195(95% CI:1.006,1.421)。最后,研究人员还发现D/AO 是与反复跌倒和跌倒相关损伤相关的独立预测指标,HR分别为 1.276(95% CI:1.018、1.599)和 1.348(95% CI:1.066、1.704)。

 

本项研究结果证实肌力减退症(Dynapenia)和腹部肥胖主要表现在握力降低和腰围变大,这部分患者表现出更差的步态,并增加老年人跌倒事件的风险。

原始出处:

Li Zhang. Et al. Dynapenic abdominal obesity and the effect on long-term gait speed and falls in older adults. Clinical Nutrition.2021.

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