Translational Psychiatry:异丁司特减少酗酒和酒精诱发的神经激活

2021-06-18 网络 网络

IBUD减少大脑中对酒精提示的奖赏反应,从而减少大量饮酒

酒精使用障碍(AUD)是一种慢性复发性障碍,对公共卫生有重大影响。在美国,超过1400万成年人有AUD;然而,目前患有AUD的成年人中只有8%接受了治疗。目前只有四种药物疗法被美国食品和药物管理局批准用于治疗AUD,这些药物仅是中度有效的。因此,很明显需要开发更有效的治疗方法,特别是那些具有新的分子靶点的治疗方法。为此,神经免疫信号的调节是AUD治疗的一个有希望的靶点。异丁司特(IBUD)是一种神经免疫调节剂,可选择性抑制磷酸二酯酶(PDE)-3、-4、-10和-11,以及巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子(MIF),有望作为一种新的酒精使用障碍(AUD)药物治疗。

最近,Translational Psychiatry杂志报道了一项实验性药物试验,检测了异丁司特在改善AUD个体的负面情绪、减少酗酒和减弱神经奖赏信号方面的疗效。

这是一项实验性药物试验,比较IBUD与安慰剂在患有AUD的非寻求治疗的个体中的疗效。该研究检测了IBUD相对于安慰剂,在2周的时间内减少负面情绪和大量饮酒(由国家酒精滥用和酒精中毒研究所(NIAAA)定义为男性每天≥5杯,女性每天≥4杯)的疗效。假设IBUD会在研究过程中减少负面情绪和大量饮酒。为了研究IBUD作用的神经基质,该研究还研究了IBUD对神经酒精提示反应性的影响。假设,相对于安慰剂,异丁司特会减弱酒精提示诱导的腹侧纹状体(VS)激活。最后,探讨了VS中神经酒精提示诱发反应与饮酒结果之间的关系。

研究流程

52名不寻求治疗的AUD患者随机接受IBUD(24例)或安慰剂(28例)。参与者完成了一项为期两周的每日日记研究,在此期间,他们每天填写自己过去一天饮酒、情绪和渴望的报告。参与者在研究中途完成了一项功能磁共振成像(fMRI)酒精提示反应范式。

IBUD对重度饮酒天数的影响。控制了基线酗酒和吸烟状态,与安慰剂相比,IBUD减少了大量饮酒。每个药物组的基线酗酒百分比以第0天表示。在微观纵向研究中,重度饮酒被表示为每天用药条件下重度饮酒的预测概率。阴影区域是围绕每个预测的95%置信区间。

IBUD对负性情绪无显著影响(β = - 0.34, p = 0.62)。然而,与安慰剂相比,IBUD使长期酗酒的几率降低了45% (OR = 0.55,(95% CI: 0.30, 0.98))。

异丁司特对酒精诱导的腹侧纹状体激活的影响

与安慰剂相比,IBUD也减弱了酒精诱发的腹侧纹状体(VS)激活(F(1,44) = 7.36, p = 0.01)。VS中酒精提示诱发的激活预测了IBUD组随后的饮酒(F(1,44) = 6.39, p = 0.02),这样,腹侧纹状体激活减弱并服用IBUD的个体在扫描后一周内每天饮酒的数量最少

这些发现扩展了IBUD用于治疗AUD的临床前和人类实验室研究,并提出了IBUD作用的生物行为机制,即减少大脑中对酒精提示的奖赏反应,从而减少大量饮酒

原文出处

Grodin, E.N., Bujarski, S., Towns, B. et al. Ibudilast, a neuroimmune modulator, reduces heavy drinking and alcohol cue-elicited neural activation: a randomized trial. Transl Psychiatry 11, 355 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01478-5

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    2021-12-18 carrotlyl

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    2021-08-05 bsmagic9140
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    2021-06-21 1453df99m58暂无昵称

    酒精使用障碍(AUD)是一种慢性复发性障碍,对公共卫生有重大影响。

    0

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    2021-06-19 肥狐jolie

    😁

    0

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