Blood:如何采用分子遗传学检测诊断骨髓增生异常综合征

2018-09-08 MedSci MedSci原创

骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)难以确诊,特别是当血液和骨髓细胞的形态学改变很小、原始粒细胞比例未增加、核型正常的时候。在MDS患者中已发现40多个反复发生的体细胞基因突变,这让我们看到了针对这些突变做分子遗传检测的希望,可能会有助于明确诊断某些出现血细胞减少和非确诊性骨髓形态学改变的模棱两可的病例。但是,许多年长的健康个体在白血病相关驱动基因上也携带这些体细胞突变,特别是在DNMT3A、TET2和A

骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)难以确诊,特别是当血液和骨髓细胞的形态学改变很小、原始粒细胞比例未增加、核型正常的时候。

在MDS患者中已发现40多个反复发生的体细胞基因突变,这让我们看到了针对这些突变做分子遗传检测的希望,可能会有助于明确诊断某些出现血细胞减少和非确诊性骨髓形态学改变的模棱两可的病例。

但是,许多年长的健康个体在白血病相关驱动基因上也携带这些体细胞突变,特别是在DNMT3A、TET2和ASXL1上(一种称为未定潜能克隆造血(CHIP)的状态),而在细胞性患者中检测到的常见的与年龄相关的突变可能会干扰诊断。虽然存在这种潜在的混杂因素,但在细胞性患者中观察到特定的体细胞突变模式时,预示病程进展可能性高,可用于临时诊断MDS,即使无形态学异常和其他诊断标准。获得性突变的子集也可影响已确诊的MDS患者的风险分层,可为治疗选择提供信息。

许多悬而未决的问题仍包括特殊突变的意义,临床医生对测序结果的解读也是千差万别。现David P. Steensma以血液学专家的角度,概述了分子遗传检测在疑诊或确诊MDS患者中的应用。


原始出处:

David P. Steensma.How I use molecular genetic tests to evaluate patients who have or may have myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood  2018  :blood-2018-06-860882;  doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-06-860882

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    2018-09-11 清风拂面

    谢谢分享学习

    0

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    2018-09-08 天地飞扬

    了解一下,谢谢分享!

    0

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