姜文奇教授:Brentuximab Vedotin联合AVD一线治疗中晚期霍奇金淋巴瘤可显著改善无复发生存

2017-12-14 姜文奇 ioncology

大约30%的III/IV期霍奇金淋巴瘤(HL)患者一线ABVD方案治疗后会出现疾病复发或耐药。Brentuximab Vedotin(SGN-35)为抗CD30单克隆抗体偶联抗微管蛋白药物,美国FDA已批准用于治疗ASCT失败后或不适合行ASCT且至少二次化疗失败后HL患者的治疗,是近30年唯一被批准用于治疗HL的新药。Brentuximab Vedotin作为复发难治HL移植后维持治疗的III期

大约30%的III/IV期霍奇金淋巴瘤(HL)患者一线ABVD方案治疗后会出现疾病复发或耐药。Brentuximab Vedotin(SGN-35)为抗CD30单克隆抗体偶联抗微管蛋白药物,美国FDA已批准用于治疗ASCT失败后或不适合行ASCT且至少二次化疗失败后HL患者的治疗,是近30年唯一被批准用于治疗HL的新药。Brentuximab Vedotin作为复发难治HL移植后维持治疗的III期临床研究初步结果显示其PFS和OS均优于安慰剂。

在第59届美国血液学会(ASH)年会上,一项研究比较了Brentuximab Vedotin联合AVD(A-AVD)方案与ABVD标准方案一线治疗中晚期HL患者的疗效,结果显示A-AVD方案可延长患者的总生存期,并且将复发、死亡或进一步治疗的风险降低了23%。

研究概况

ECHELON-1(NCT01712490)是一项非盲、开放、随机多中心的III期临床研究,比较A-AVD或ABVD作为一线方案治疗未接受过治疗的中晚期HL。

研究共入组中晚期HL患者1334例,1:1随机分配进入A-AVD组或ABVD组,其中III期占36%,IV期占64%;58%为男性患者,中位年龄36岁。患者接受最多不超过六个疗程的化疗。第二疗程后PET/CT评价多维尔评分5分的患者可以选择其他挽救方案治疗。分层因素包括患者居住地域(美洲vs欧洲vs亚洲)分层,IPS评分(0-1 vs. 2-3 vs. 4-7)。

ECHELON-1研究的主要研究终点为改良的无进展生存(mPFS:定义为从随机至复发、死亡或未达到CR接受挽救治疗的时间),次要研究终点包括随机接受研究方案治疗结束时的完全缓解(CR)率,客观有效率(ORR),一线治疗的CR率,第二疗程后PET/CT评价的阴性率,缓解持续时间,CR持续时间和无事件生存率。

显着生存获益

从本次会议公布的数据来看,独立审阅委员会(IRF)报道ECHELON-1研究达到了主要研究终点mPFS(HR=0.770;[95% CI: 0.603-0.982]),A-AVD组117例患者复发,ABVD组146例复发。研究者(INV)报道的mPFS (HR = 0.725 ; [95% CI: 0.574-0.916];p=0.007),结果与IRF报道一致。IRF报道mPFS在A-AVD组和ABVD组分别源于疾病进展(90 vs 102);死亡(18 vs 22)或非CR患者接受其他抗癌治疗。在A-AVD组,IRF评价的2年mPFS无事件生存为82.1%(95% CI78.7-85.0),ABVD组为77.2%(95%CI73.7-80.4);INV评价A-AVD和ABVD的mPFS分别为81% vs 74.4%。部分亚组接受A-AVD方案较整体人群获得生存受益。

从次要研究终点来看,包括随机接受研究方案治疗结束时的完全缓解(CR)率,客观有效率(ORR),一线治疗的CR率,第二疗程后PET/CT评价的阴性率,缓解持续时间,CR持续时间和无事件生存率,A-AVD治疗组均显示出更优的趋势。中位治疗时间和完成疗程数两组相似。

安全性方面

A-AVD组有28例患者死亡,ABVD组有39例(中期分期OS风险0.721,p=0.186)。粒缺发生在A-AVD组和ABVD组分别为58%和45%,粒缺性发热为19%和8%。由粒缺或粒缺性发热导致的治疗中断两组均小于1%。A+AVD组3级以上的感染较ABVD组更常见,分别为18%和10%。在A-AVD组,给予患者预防性G-CSF治疗可明显降低感染发生率,可把粒缺性发热从19%将至11%,3级以上的感染从18%将至11%。外周性神经病变(PN)的发生率在A-AVD组和ABVD组分别为67%和43%。3级以上外周神经毒性的发生率在A-AVD组为11%(1例为4级),而ABVD组为2%;67%发生神经毒性的患者截止研究最后一次随访时均表示有不同程度的缓解。而ABVD组的肺毒性的发生率和严重程度均较显着(3级以上肺毒性:ABVD为3%,A-AVD<1%)。研究中死亡的患者,A-AVD组中死亡9例,其中7例与粒缺相关,且这些死亡患者均未曾接受预防性的G-CSF治疗。ABVD组死亡13例,11例死亡由肺毒性导致,或与肺毒性相关。

与标准治疗ABVD相比,A-AVD方案一线治疗延长了中晚期HL患者的生存期,且降低了复发、死亡或进一步治疗23%的风险。在安全性方面,前期研究发现SGN-35与ABVD方案联用时出现严重肺毒性,此研究把ABVD方案中的博来霉素去掉联合SGN-35,肺毒性明显减少。需要注意的是A-AVD组治疗需要预防性使用G-CSF治疗,以减少3级以上的血液学毒性及粒缺发热的发生率。 基于该项研究结果,A-AVD可能取代ABVD作为中晚期HL一线治疗的标准方案。

注:研究摘自第59届美国血液学会(ASH)年会研究:Abstract 6, Brentuximab Vedotin Plus Doxorubicin, Vinblastine, Dacarbazine (A+AVD) As Frontline Therapy Demonstrates Superior Modified Progression-Free Survival Versus ABVD in Patients with Previously Untreated Stage III or IV Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL): The Phase 3 Echelon-1 Study

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    2018-10-20 snf701207
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    2017-12-16 zhaojie88
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