careHPV检测降低宫颈癌筛查门槛

2018-08-14 张茜 中国青年报

最近,宫颈癌快速筛检技术——careHPV检测获得了世界卫生组织认证,成为全球首个获世卫组织资格认证的HPV检测技术。

最近,宫颈癌快速筛检技术——careHPV检测获得了世界卫生组织认证,成为全球首个获世卫组织资格认证的HPV检测技术。

据介绍,careHPV检测由乔友林教授领导的中国医学科学院肿瘤医院肿瘤研究所宫颈癌防治研究团队,联合凯杰生物、PATH、世界卫生组织国际癌症研究署等企业和机构,在比尔及梅琳达·盖茨基金会的资助下研发完成。

“傻瓜相机”让摄影艺术在广大民众中得到普及,而careHPV检测就属于宫颈癌筛查中的“傻瓜式筛查法”。由于操作简易、价格低廉,该方法被定位为适用于发展中国家和地区的宫颈癌快速筛检技术。

目前国内外权威机构公布的宫颈癌筛查指南主要推荐以细胞学检测和HPV检测进行宫颈癌筛查。乔友林教授介绍,发达国家开展的有组织的、以细胞学为初筛方法的宫颈癌筛查计划已经显著降低了宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率。迄今为止,由于发展中国家落后地区缺乏细胞学筛查的基础设施或技术等原因,该方法还未被成功应用于这些地区。

凯杰生物亚太区负责人施晨阳博士说:“目前发展中国家每年仅有5%的妇女进行过宫颈癌筛查,发达国家的这一比例则可达40%到50%。”

而careHPV检测的低门槛操作方式,则为更多低资源地区开展宫颈癌筛查提供了机会。乔友林教授说:“careHPV检测只需要一小块清洁的工作台,不需要市电或自来水,经过基本培训后的乡村护士就能成功地完成该项检测。且该方法能够在3个小时内获得准确的结果。”

乔友林教授介绍,careHPV检测由第二代杂交捕获试验(HC2检测)发展而来。HC2主要用于高容量的检测环境,能同时检测更多的样本;而careHPV检测则快速简单,易于掌握,通常用于对检测批量要求较小的不太繁忙的诊所和医院。

从检测的效果来看,根据来自中国、印度、乌干达、卢旺达、尼日利亚、南非、布基纳法索等国家和地区进行的数万例临床试验来看,careHPV检测的敏感度为90%、特异度为84.2%,与HC2检测的效果接近。

历经18年的研发,目前该筛检技术已进入全球推广阶段。专家预计,该技术的应用将对中国乃至世界宫颈癌的筛查和降低宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率有着重要意义。

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    2018-08-16 zhaojie88
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