Nat Commun:意想不到!抗生素竟然可以控制血糖?

2018-07-26 佚名 生物通

7月20日《Nature Communications》报道:Salk研究所的一项新研究发现,用抗生素处理小鼠,使其肠道细菌减少之后,小鼠血液中葡萄糖水平相应降低,对胰岛素敏感性提高。这项研究指明了微生物对糖尿病的意义,补充了抗生素治疗的其他副作用。

7月20日《Nature Communications》报道:Salk研究所的一项新研究发现,用抗生素处理小鼠,使其肠道细菌减少之后,小鼠血液中葡萄糖水平相应降低,对胰岛素敏感性提高。这项研究指明了微生物对糖尿病的意义,补充了抗生素治疗的其他副作用。



“这项研究非常令人兴奋,因为我们在小鼠身上看到了与采用多抗生素治疗的人类患者相类似的经历,”Salk研究所调整生物学实验室的Satchidananda Panda说。“现在,我们终于找到了它们对葡萄糖代谢的影响,下一步我们就可以寻找具体起作用的微生物组成。”

简单来说,微生物组(microbiome)包括生活在动物体内的微生物集合,其中很多都对健康至关重要。之前的研究表明,缺乏某种类型微生物的小鼠更容易患糖尿病,也有证据指出,某些微生物对糖尿病有保护作用。

加州大学圣地亚哥分校的助理教授Amir Zarrinpar认为:“许多科学家用抗生素处理小鼠做微生物组实验,在这里,我们发现这样的处理对小鼠新陈代谢有巨大影响。因此,一些代谢影响可能并不是药物干预影响,而是归因为微生物的消耗。”

起初,研究人员并没有专门研究抗生素消耗肠道细菌对葡萄糖水平调节有何关系。他们只想了解小鼠微生物群耗尽对小鼠新陈代谢昼夜节律是否存在影响,过去,这类研究通常是在无菌小鼠(无菌饲养环境)完成的。

“因为我们没有条件购买和饲养无菌小鼠,于是,我们决定用临床常用的抗生素来杀灭小鼠体内细菌,”Panda说。研究人员对小鼠使用了由4种不同抗生素组成的鸡尾酒。“实验条件欠缺——没有合适的小鼠——使我们最终做出了这个意外发现。”

这样处理小鼠后,研究人员观察到小鼠体内的微生物多样性如预期一般大大减少。随后,他们开始观察小鼠的新陈代谢,结果却令人感到意外:这些小鼠清除血液中葡萄糖的速度比预期的快得多。

进一步研究表明,这些小鼠的结肠组织像葡萄糖吸收器一样可以吸收多余的糖,从而迅速降低了血液中的糖量,同时,小鼠结肠也表现出明显增大迹象。

深入调查发现,代谢变化根本上与肝功能变化和肝脏释放的胆汁酸有关,过去通常被认为可以影响II型糖尿病患者葡萄糖代谢的两个重要条件——饮食和体内脂肪组成并没有变化。

“但是,我们并不提倡使用抗生素治疗II型糖尿病,”Panda说。

“有看点的是,我们确实可以通过控制肠道细菌,让其生产高水平激素,从而让身体对胰岛素更敏感,”Zarrinpar补充。

下一步,他们打算看看微生物组分是如何影响肝脏变化的。“也许,我们能找到一种合适的方法支持某些肠道微生物生长,并诱导人体葡萄糖代谢调节变化。这距离临床转化也许只有一步之遥。”

原始出处:Amir Zarrinpar, Amandine Chaix, Zhenjiang Z. Xu, et al. Antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion alters metabolic homeostasis by affecting gut signaling and colonic metabolism. Nat Commun.  20 July 2018 

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    2019-03-29 liuli5079
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  4. 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2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334224, encodeId=36153342242c, content=学习谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4Nd44v3xHnnictn9UpctwtH62EPQ59TMdI9lnqHMgQ16nH7GmGCfpzicsHgjibYVk6vwSpXrC86gMibRkoaIzf5HwSz7/0, createdBy=78cc1691107, createdName=龙胆草, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:59:56 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334218, encodeId=66f733421879, content=很好的内容,虽然还不能完全临床确定疗效,但是提供了一个新奇的思路。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K3r6Ir8EADbw8kut6NgpfYKrksLd7rsf9GSZGCUZkpHosu8Jsibzk64KSuO8dFfOW7J5kW4bjib4eI/0, createdBy=d0201619051, createdName=吴颖, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:58:55 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334216, encodeId=4ac23342162c, content=好文章学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b5a62240667, createdName=张新亮1853311252142e2fm, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:58:27 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334212, encodeId=4d2933421282, content=抗生素影响血糖。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/07/16/3b24606172648eea459125cb74754afe.jpg, createdBy=6c022216608, createdName=liumin1987, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:55:54 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-26 明崖

    学习了,有用的研究

    0

  5. 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2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334224, encodeId=36153342242c, content=学习谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4Nd44v3xHnnictn9UpctwtH62EPQ59TMdI9lnqHMgQ16nH7GmGCfpzicsHgjibYVk6vwSpXrC86gMibRkoaIzf5HwSz7/0, createdBy=78cc1691107, createdName=龙胆草, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:59:56 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334218, encodeId=66f733421879, content=很好的内容,虽然还不能完全临床确定疗效,但是提供了一个新奇的思路。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K3r6Ir8EADbw8kut6NgpfYKrksLd7rsf9GSZGCUZkpHosu8Jsibzk64KSuO8dFfOW7J5kW4bjib4eI/0, createdBy=d0201619051, createdName=吴颖, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:58:55 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334216, encodeId=4ac23342162c, content=好文章学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b5a62240667, createdName=张新亮1853311252142e2fm, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:58:27 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334212, encodeId=4d2933421282, content=抗生素影响血糖。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/07/16/3b24606172648eea459125cb74754afe.jpg, createdBy=6c022216608, createdName=liumin1987, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:55:54 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-26 kafei

    学习学习谢谢

    0

  6. 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2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334224, encodeId=36153342242c, content=学习谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4Nd44v3xHnnictn9UpctwtH62EPQ59TMdI9lnqHMgQ16nH7GmGCfpzicsHgjibYVk6vwSpXrC86gMibRkoaIzf5HwSz7/0, createdBy=78cc1691107, createdName=龙胆草, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:59:56 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334218, encodeId=66f733421879, content=很好的内容,虽然还不能完全临床确定疗效,但是提供了一个新奇的思路。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K3r6Ir8EADbw8kut6NgpfYKrksLd7rsf9GSZGCUZkpHosu8Jsibzk64KSuO8dFfOW7J5kW4bjib4eI/0, createdBy=d0201619051, createdName=吴颖, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:58:55 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334216, encodeId=4ac23342162c, content=好文章学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b5a62240667, createdName=张新亮1853311252142e2fm, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:58:27 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334212, encodeId=4d2933421282, content=抗生素影响血糖。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/07/16/3b24606172648eea459125cb74754afe.jpg, createdBy=6c022216608, createdName=liumin1987, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:55:54 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-26 phoebeyan520

    学习了学习了,谢谢

    0

  7. 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createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/07/16/3b24606172648eea459125cb74754afe.jpg, createdBy=6c022216608, createdName=liumin1987, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:55:54 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-26 龙胆草

    学习谢谢分享

    0

  8. 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createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/07/16/3b24606172648eea459125cb74754afe.jpg, createdBy=6c022216608, createdName=liumin1987, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:55:54 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-26 吴颖

    很好的内容,虽然还不能完全临床确定疗效,但是提供了一个新奇的思路。

    0

  9. 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createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K3r6Ir8EADbw8kut6NgpfYKrksLd7rsf9GSZGCUZkpHosu8Jsibzk64KSuO8dFfOW7J5kW4bjib4eI/0, createdBy=d0201619051, createdName=吴颖, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:58:55 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334216, encodeId=4ac23342162c, content=好文章学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b5a62240667, createdName=张新亮1853311252142e2fm, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:58:27 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334212, encodeId=4d2933421282, content=抗生素影响血糖。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/07/16/3b24606172648eea459125cb74754afe.jpg, createdBy=6c022216608, createdName=liumin1987, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:55:54 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-26 张新亮1853311252142e2fm

    好文章学习了

    0

  10. 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createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K3r6Ir8EADbw8kut6NgpfYKrksLd7rsf9GSZGCUZkpHosu8Jsibzk64KSuO8dFfOW7J5kW4bjib4eI/0, createdBy=d0201619051, createdName=吴颖, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:58:55 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334216, encodeId=4ac23342162c, content=好文章学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b5a62240667, createdName=张新亮1853311252142e2fm, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:58:27 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=334212, encodeId=4d2933421282, content=抗生素影响血糖。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/07/16/3b24606172648eea459125cb74754afe.jpg, createdBy=6c022216608, createdName=liumin1987, createdTime=Thu Jul 26 06:55:54 CST 2018, time=2018-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-26 liumin1987

    抗生素影响血糖。

    0

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