Nature子刊:诱导性多能干细胞“携带”捐赠者的年龄信息

2016-12-14 生物探索 生物探索

导读 12月12日,Nature子刊Nature Biotechnology发表一篇文章揭示,诱导性多能干细胞携带了供体成熟细胞的表观遗传学信息,它们的DNA甲基化修饰能够反映供体的年龄。而且,这些多能干细胞携带的基因突变数量会随着供体细胞年龄的增长而增加。诱导性多能干细胞(iPSCs)自2006年首次被研发出来,一直备受关注。科学家对其最初的设想是重编程成体细胞,并诱导其分化成干细胞、神经元或者

导读 12月12日,Nature子刊Nature Biotechnology发表一篇文章揭示,诱导性多能干细胞携带了供体成熟细胞的表观遗传学信息,它们的DNA甲基化修饰能够反映供体的年龄。而且,这些多能干细胞携带的基因突变数量会随着供体细胞年龄的增长而增加。



诱导性多能干细胞(iPSCs)自2006年首次被研发出来,一直备受关注。科学家对其最初的设想是重编程成体细胞,并诱导其分化成干细胞、神经元或者其他任何细胞,最终用于疾病的治疗、组织的修复。这种个性化的医疗方案能够降低免疫排斥的风险,同时还绕开了使用胚胎干细胞引发的伦理道德问题。

但是十年的发展,iPS细胞治疗疾病依然面临着众多挑战和未知。其中,主要的顾虑因素包括:诱导性多能干细胞应用于临床是否安全?它与胚胎干细胞的相似程度有多少?过去已有研究证实,诱导性多功能干细胞依然保留着原成熟细胞的表观遗传学记忆,且在临床试验中被发现细胞内存在基因突变。

12月12日,Nature子刊《Nature Biotechnology》发表一篇文章揭示,诱导性多能干细胞携带了供体成熟细胞的表观遗传学信息,它们的DNA甲基化修饰能够反映供体的年龄。而且,这些多能干细胞携带的基因突变数量会随着供体细胞年龄的增长而增加。

诱导性多能干细胞携带捐赠者年龄信息

科学家们已经意识到,随着年龄的增长,我们的基因组会出现一些表观遗传学变化,例如DNA甲基化、去甲基化。体细胞重编程可以让分化细胞重返多能状态,表观遗传学修饰同样出现在这一构建过程中,但是重编程如何影响与年龄相关的表观遗传学修饰仍然未知。之前已有研究表明,一些诱导性多能干细胞的表观遗传修饰状态类似于胚胎干细胞,并不携带供体细胞的年龄信息。

美国斯克利普斯研究所的Ali Torkamani、Kristin Baldwin及其团队试图验证:iPSCs是否会保留体细胞的年龄信息?

为了找到答案,研究团队采集了16名捐赠者(21岁—100岁)的外周血单核细胞,并经过重编程技术获得诱导性多能干细胞。他们发现了一些与年龄相关的变化:在与年龄相关的甲基化位点,由年龄较大的捐赠者血液细胞重编程获得的iPSCs,其甲基化水平较高。而来源于更年轻血液细胞的iPSCs,它们的甲基化水平较低。

研究人员检测了在重编程过程中发生去甲基化的CpG位点,发现来源于年长者血液细胞的多能干细胞,它们的CpG位点依然携带者较高的甲基化水平。这些结果意味着,年老体细胞以及它们衍生出的iPSCs存在去甲基化缺陷。

此外,他们还研究了iPSCs外显子序列的突变数量。总体而言,iPS细胞的DNA突变数量会随着供体血液细胞的年龄增长而增加。然而,当捐赠者年龄超过90岁,他们的血液细胞重编程获得的多能干细胞DNA突变点却下降了。研究人员推测,对于老年人而言,血液中的很多细胞已经达到分裂的极限而死去,留下的细胞都是分裂较慢的,所以这类细胞积累的突变相对较少。

Torkamani表示:“这项研究强调了一个事实:在诱导性多能干细胞中,存在一些与年龄相关联且具有致病性风险的突变。”

iPSCs临床应用的安全性顾虑

目前,诱导性多能干细胞多作为一种重要工具构建疾病模型,为科学家研究疾病致病机理、药物筛选提供便利。如果他们携带与年龄相关的表观遗传学标签,那么iPSCs可以作为研究与衰老相关疾病的模型。同时,这一研究还揭示了自体移植(以患者自身细胞重编程获得多能性干细胞用于治疗)的影响。

加州大学圣地亚哥分校生物工程师Kun Zhang 表示:“如果捐赠的细胞来源于老年人,这些成熟细胞即便经历重编程返回多能状态,也已经积累了一定的突变负载。”这些突变意味着潜在的伤害,甚至于致癌。他强调:“当用于临床治疗,这些有害的突变可能会导致意想不到的后果。”

这提醒我们,当诱导性多能干细胞直接用于疾病治疗时,需要谨慎它们保留的表观遗传学信息。

原始出处:


[1] Ashley P. Taylor. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Show Signs of Donor Age. The Scientist December 12, 2016

[2] Valentina Lo Sardo,et al. Influence of donor age on induced pluripotent stem cells. Nature Biotechnology.12 December 2016.

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    2017-11-28 wgx306
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    2016-12-14 lovetcm

    表观信息被遗传

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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881516, encodeId=5ff7188151623, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=19, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sat Nov 18 04:51:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1813244, encodeId=f6c61813244ad, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=92b5918e845' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#诱导性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91878, encryptionId=92b5918e845, topicName=诱导性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4193478, createdName=wgx306, createdTime=Tue Nov 28 18:51:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1756929, encodeId=00eb1e569293e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=db7856538ee' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#捐赠#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=56538, encryptionId=db7856538ee, topicName=捐赠)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ce7f37274706, createdName=ms1692212821629096, createdTime=Sun Feb 12 07:51:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=162794, encodeId=760a162e94eb, content=表观信息被遗传, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Wed Dec 14 18:11:56 CST 2016, time=2016-12-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=162773, encodeId=60f8162e739e, content=科学发展了,人却退化了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Wed Dec 14 14:25:41 CST 2016, time=2016-12-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=162704, encodeId=79cd162e040b, content=棒棒哒?????, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76491981781, createdName=1e184d7bm65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Dec 14 10:12:18 CST 2016, time=2016-12-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=162703, encodeId=c7a3162e0304, content=Nature子刊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160807/IMG57A72B38A8C787546.jpg, createdBy=52b31714117, createdName=Anima, createdTime=Wed Dec 14 10:07:41 CST 2016, time=2016-12-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-14 为了宝宝

    科学发展了,人却退化了!

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881516, encodeId=5ff7188151623, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=19, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sat Nov 18 04:51:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1813244, encodeId=f6c61813244ad, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=92b5918e845' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#诱导性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91878, encryptionId=92b5918e845, topicName=诱导性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4193478, createdName=wgx306, createdTime=Tue Nov 28 18:51:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1756929, encodeId=00eb1e569293e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=db7856538ee' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#捐赠#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=56538, encryptionId=db7856538ee, topicName=捐赠)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ce7f37274706, createdName=ms1692212821629096, createdTime=Sun Feb 12 07:51:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=162794, encodeId=760a162e94eb, content=表观信息被遗传, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Wed Dec 14 18:11:56 CST 2016, time=2016-12-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=162773, encodeId=60f8162e739e, content=科学发展了,人却退化了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Wed Dec 14 14:25:41 CST 2016, time=2016-12-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=162704, encodeId=79cd162e040b, content=棒棒哒?????, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76491981781, createdName=1e184d7bm65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed Dec 14 10:12:18 CST 2016, time=2016-12-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=162703, encodeId=c7a3162e0304, content=Nature子刊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160807/IMG57A72B38A8C787546.jpg, createdBy=52b31714117, createdName=Anima, createdTime=Wed Dec 14 10:07:41 CST 2016, time=2016-12-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-14 1e184d7bm65(暂无匿称)

    棒棒哒?????

    0

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    2016-12-14 Anima

    Nature子刊

    0

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