美国糖尿病协会:天热增加糖尿病患者死亡风险 糖友如何安全度过夏天?

2019-06-13 文 / 周亦川 审 / 袁月 搜狐健康

全球气候变暖对糖尿病患者很不友好,由于体温调节能力下降和其他种种原因,炎热季节他们更难抵御热浪的侵袭,死亡风险高于常人。由于全球气候变暖,我们经常感到夏天越来越难熬,常有“热死人”事件发生。在美国糖尿病协会2019年会中,有专家指出,全球气候变暖对糖尿病患者更不友好,由于体温调节能力下降和其他种种原因,炎热季节他们更难抵御热浪的侵袭,死亡风险高于常人。德国海德堡大学教授Rainner Sauerb

全球气候变暖对糖尿病患者很不友好,由于体温调节能力下降和其他种种原因,炎热季节他们更难抵御热浪的侵袭,死亡风险高于常人。

由于全球气候变暖,我们经常感到夏天越来越难熬,常有“热死人”事件发生。

在美国糖尿病协会2019年会中,有专家指出,全球气候变暖对糖尿病患者更不友好,由于体温调节能力下降和其他种种原因,炎热季节他们更难抵御热浪的侵袭,死亡风险高于常人。

德国海德堡大学教授Rainner Sauerborn在报告中指出,散热是人体体温调节的重要一环。

但对糖尿病患者而言,他们体温调节能力低于常人;肥胖、周围神经病变、动脉硬化等糖尿病并发症更进一步加剧了热浪对他们的影响。

研究发现,热浪来袭会增加糖尿病患者的死亡率,一般热浪可能会增加11%的死亡风险,而严重的热浪可能将死亡风险增加29%。在老年患者中,炎热的气候可能使死亡风险增加17%—65%不等。

糖尿病患者如何安全度夏?

美国疾病控制预防中心(CDC)官网介绍,糖尿病患者比一般人更怕热。一方面他们由于血管神经损伤影响汗腺,导致身体降温能力下降,导致中暑;另一方面他们更容易出汗丢失水分,而血液浓缩导致血糖升高,进一步增加脱水症状。

高温环境可能会加快注射部位胰岛素吸收,同时体温高会影响胰岛素代谢,因此糖尿病患者应更频繁地测试血糖,看是否出现异常。

1

避免高温高湿

糖尿病患者要避免在炎热潮湿天气外出,潮湿会减少体表散热,提高体温。因此最好在早上或晚上气温较低的时候外出活动。

CDC给出一个参考标准:湿度40%、温度80华氏度(27摄氏度)以上就应当考虑降温防暑措施。若碰上阳光充足的日子,也要加强防范,暴晒相当于气温表增加了7—8摄氏度。

2

时常关注自己的血糖

孩子放假、自己迎来假期,包括朋友聚会、家庭团聚等,夏季的活动会打乱糖尿病患者的日常生活,影响到血糖管理计划。

因此在夏季,糖尿病患者更要关注好自己的血糖,让它保持在可控的范围内,尤其是提前了解到低血糖的可能症状,一旦发生能够了解处理方式。

3

保护好你的降糖药

不要将胰岛素或口服降糖药放在车后备箱或留在车里,夏季车内温度很容易使其变质。应当将胰岛素或其他药物放到冰箱或冰盒中,同时也不要将其直接放在冰上或冰袋上防止冻坏。

当受热损坏时,透明胰岛素通常会变得混浊,混浊的胰岛素会变得颗粒状并粘在玻璃的侧面。暴露在明亮阳光下的胰岛素有时呈褐色。

血糖测试条、血糖监测仪、胰岛素泵或其它糖尿病治疗设备同样不要放到暴晒下的车中、游泳池旁、沙滩上,高温暴晒也可能使其损坏、监测能力异常。

当然,糖尿病患者更不能因为怕麻烦在夏天外出时不携带药物或其他用品,随身安全携带以便在血糖过高或过低可以采取必要措施。

CDC还为糖尿病患者提供了几条面对炎热天气的建议:

即使不渴也要喝大量的水,避免脱水

避免酒精和含咖啡因的饮料,如咖啡、能量饮料、运动饮料。它们会导致水分流失和血糖水平升高。

在运动前、运动中和运动后检查血糖,可能需要咨询医生是否调整胰岛素的用量。

穿宽松、轻便、浅色的衣服。

外出戴上帽子,涂好防晒霜,晒伤会提高你的血糖水平。

即使在海滩或游泳池边也要穿好拖鞋,最好不要光脚。

在家中开空调或是去有空调的建筑,高温条件下风扇的降温作用很有限。

此外,CDC提示,6月起进入台风季节,一些沿海地区居民可能面临新的挑战,一场强烈对流天气很可能摧毁交通或是让他们被迫离家。因此,糖尿病患者需要做好相应的准备,如何处理需要冷藏的药物,买好紧急旅行包,保证在特殊条件下的安全。

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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1983627, encodeId=5f72198362ed6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=628553048e3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#患者死亡#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=53048, encryptionId=628553048e3, topicName=患者死亡)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Mon Jun 17 03:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2003924, encodeId=95352003924c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2f04e986755' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美国糖尿病协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79867, encryptionId=2f04e986755, topicName=美国糖尿病协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76fa353, createdName=tm10051981, createdTime=Thu Jul 25 18:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1255874, encodeId=573112558e477, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=587f6339050' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#死亡风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63390, encryptionId=587f6339050, topicName=死亡风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=74808, createdName=quxin068, createdTime=Sat Jun 15 10:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1474762, encodeId=613814e47621f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=935fe6718e3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖尿病患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76718, encryptionId=935fe6718e3, topicName=糖尿病患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a38f7243741, createdName=xue8604, createdTime=Sat Jun 15 10:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=367752, encodeId=55b036e752c9, content=学习了谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160304/IMG56D94856B1B5D6405.jpg, createdBy=27931687771, createdName=一个字-牛, createdTime=Fri Jun 14 22:27:08 CST 2019, time=2019-06-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=367746, encodeId=20a936e7463d, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0aa31415219, createdName=orangesking, createdTime=Fri Jun 14 21:12:25 CST 2019, time=2019-06-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1042519, encodeId=6f991042519f4, content=谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=misszhang, createdTime=Thu Jun 13 22:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-06-14 一个字-牛

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1983627, encodeId=5f72198362ed6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=628553048e3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#患者死亡#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=53048, encryptionId=628553048e3, topicName=患者死亡)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Mon Jun 17 03:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2003924, encodeId=95352003924c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2f04e986755' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美国糖尿病协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79867, encryptionId=2f04e986755, topicName=美国糖尿病协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76fa353, createdName=tm10051981, createdTime=Thu Jul 25 18:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1255874, encodeId=573112558e477, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=587f6339050' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#死亡风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63390, encryptionId=587f6339050, topicName=死亡风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=74808, createdName=quxin068, createdTime=Sat Jun 15 10:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1474762, encodeId=613814e47621f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=935fe6718e3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖尿病患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76718, encryptionId=935fe6718e3, topicName=糖尿病患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a38f7243741, createdName=xue8604, createdTime=Sat Jun 15 10:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=367752, encodeId=55b036e752c9, content=学习了谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160304/IMG56D94856B1B5D6405.jpg, createdBy=27931687771, createdName=一个字-牛, createdTime=Fri Jun 14 22:27:08 CST 2019, time=2019-06-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=367746, encodeId=20a936e7463d, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0aa31415219, createdName=orangesking, createdTime=Fri Jun 14 21:12:25 CST 2019, time=2019-06-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1042519, encodeId=6f991042519f4, content=谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=misszhang, createdTime=Thu Jun 13 22:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-06-14 orangesking

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1983627, encodeId=5f72198362ed6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=628553048e3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#患者死亡#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=53048, encryptionId=628553048e3, topicName=患者死亡)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Mon Jun 17 03:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2003924, encodeId=95352003924c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2f04e986755' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美国糖尿病协会#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79867, encryptionId=2f04e986755, topicName=美国糖尿病协会)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76fa353, createdName=tm10051981, createdTime=Thu Jul 25 18:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1255874, encodeId=573112558e477, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=587f6339050' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#死亡风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63390, encryptionId=587f6339050, topicName=死亡风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=74808, createdName=quxin068, createdTime=Sat Jun 15 10:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1474762, encodeId=613814e47621f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=935fe6718e3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖尿病患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76718, encryptionId=935fe6718e3, topicName=糖尿病患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a38f7243741, createdName=xue8604, createdTime=Sat Jun 15 10:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=367752, encodeId=55b036e752c9, content=学习了谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160304/IMG56D94856B1B5D6405.jpg, createdBy=27931687771, createdName=一个字-牛, createdTime=Fri Jun 14 22:27:08 CST 2019, time=2019-06-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=367746, encodeId=20a936e7463d, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0aa31415219, createdName=orangesking, createdTime=Fri Jun 14 21:12:25 CST 2019, time=2019-06-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1042519, encodeId=6f991042519f4, content=谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=misszhang, createdTime=Thu Jun 13 22:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-06-13 misszhang

    谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯

    0

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这是我收到的一封信:段爷,关注您很久了,现在宝宝也一岁了。我真的有很多的痛苦,特别是随着小孩渐渐长大,我变得异常焦虑。之前为了结婚怀孕生孩子把工作辞了,当起了家庭主妇,特别有了孩子后什么都要自己亲力亲为,每天做不完的事情,小孩每天都要陪着一刻也离不开,有时真的不知道自己是怎么坚持下来的。期间经常崩溃到做梦都在哭,因为所有的付出在公婆眼里文分不值,不止一次说我带孩子特别闲,不被理解真的让我想过自